Calculus Examples

$\int 4 x (2 x - 1) (4 x + 1) d x$

Step 1

Since $4$ is constant with respect to $x$ , move $4$ out of the integral.

$4 \int (x (2 x - 1)) (4 x + 1) d x$

Step 2

Let $u = 4 x + 1$ . Then $d u = 4 d x$ , so $\frac{1}{4} d u = d x$ . Rewrite using $u$ and $d$ $u$ .

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Step 2.1

Let $u = 4 x + 1$ . Find $\frac{d u}{d x}$ .

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Step 2.1.1

Differentiate $4 x + 1$ .

$\frac{d}{d x} [4 x + 1]$

Step 2.1.2

By the Sum Rule, the derivative of $4 x + 1$ with respect to $x$ is $\frac{d}{d x} [4 x] + \frac{d}{d x} [1]$ .

$\frac{d}{d x} [4 x] + \frac{d}{d x} [1]$

Step 2.1.3

Evaluate $\frac{d}{d x} [4 x]$ .

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Step 2.1.3.1

Since $4$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $4 x$ with respect to $x$ is $4 \frac{d}{d x} [x]$ .

$4 \frac{d}{d x} [x] + \frac{d}{d x} [1]$

Step 2.1.3.2

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ is $n x^{n - 1}$ where $n = 1$ .

$4 \cdot 1 + \frac{d}{d x} [1]$

Step 2.1.3.3

Multiply $4$ by $1$ .

$4 + \frac{d}{d x} [1]$

$4 + \frac{d}{d x} [1]$

Step 2.1.4

Differentiate using the Constant Rule.

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Step 2.1.4.1

Since $1$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $1$ with respect to $x$ is $0$ .

$4 + 0$

Step 2.1.4.2

Add $4$ and $0$ .

$4$

$4$

$4$

Step 2.2

Rewrite the problem using $u$ and $d u$ .

$4 \int (\frac{u}{4} - \frac{1}{4}) (2 (\frac{u}{4} - \frac{1}{4}) - 1) u \frac{1}{4} d u$

$4 \int (\frac{u}{4} - \frac{1}{4}) (2 (\frac{u}{4} - \frac{1}{4}) - 1) u \frac{1}{4} d u$

Step 3

Combine $\frac{1}{4}$ and $u$ .

$4 \int (\frac{u}{4} - \frac{1}{4}) (2 (\frac{u}{4} - \frac{1}{4}) - 1) \frac{u}{4} d u$

Step 4

Simplify.

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Step 4.1

Apply the distributive property.

$4 \int (\frac{u}{4} - \frac{1}{4}) (2 \frac{u}{4} + 2 (- \frac{1}{4}) - 1) \frac{u}{4} d u$

Step 4.2

Apply the distributive property.

$4 \int (\frac{u}{4} (2 \frac{u}{4} + 2 (- \frac{1}{4}) - 1) - \frac{1}{4} (2 \frac{u}{4} + 2 (- \frac{1}{4}) - 1)) \frac{u}{4} d u$

Step 4.3

Apply the distributive property.

$4 \int (\frac{u}{4} (2 \frac{u}{4} + 2 (- \frac{1}{4})) + \frac{u}{4} \cdot - 1 - \frac{1}{4} (2 \frac{u}{4} + 2 (- \frac{1}{4}) - 1)) \frac{u}{4} d u$

Step 4.4

Apply the distributive property.

$4 \int (\frac{u}{4} (2 \frac{u}{4}) + \frac{u}{4} (2 (- \frac{1}{4})) + \frac{u}{4} \cdot - 1 - \frac{1}{4} (2 \frac{u}{4} + 2 (- \frac{1}{4}) - 1)) \frac{u}{4} d u$

Step 4.5

Apply the distributive property.

$4 \int (\frac{u}{4} (2 \frac{u}{4}) + \frac{u}{4} (2 (- \frac{1}{4})) + \frac{u}{4} \cdot - 1 - \frac{1}{4} (2 \frac{u}{4} + 2 (- \frac{1}{4})) - \frac{1}{4} \cdot - 1) \frac{u}{4} d u$

Step 4.6

Apply the distributive property.

$4 \int (\frac{u}{4} (2 \frac{u}{4}) + \frac{u}{4} (2 (- \frac{1}{4})) + \frac{u}{4} \cdot - 1 - \frac{1}{4} (2 \frac{u}{4}) - \frac{1}{4} (2 (- \frac{1}{4})) - \frac{1}{4} \cdot - 1) \frac{u}{4} d u$

Step 4.7

Apply the distributive property.

$4 \int (\frac{u}{4} (2 \frac{u}{4}) + \frac{u}{4} (2 (- \frac{1}{4})) + \frac{u}{4} \cdot - 1) \frac{u}{4} + (- \frac{1}{4} (2 \frac{u}{4}) - \frac{1}{4} (2 (- \frac{1}{4})) - \frac{1}{4} \cdot - 1) \frac{u}{4} d u$

Step 4.8

Apply the distributive property.

$4 \int (\frac{u}{4} (2 \frac{u}{4}) + \frac{u}{4} (2 (- \frac{1}{4}))) \frac{u}{4} + \frac{u}{4} \cdot - 1 \frac{u}{4} + (- \frac{1}{4} (2 \frac{u}{4}) - \frac{1}{4} (2 (- \frac{1}{4})) - \frac{1}{4} \cdot - 1) \frac{u}{4} d u$

Step 4.9

Apply the distributive property.

$4 \int \frac{u}{4} (2 \frac{u}{4}) \frac{u}{4} + \frac{u}{4} (2 (- \frac{1}{4})) \frac{u}{4} + \frac{u}{4} \cdot - 1 \frac{u}{4} + (- \frac{1}{4} (2 \frac{u}{4}) - \frac{1}{4} (2 (- \frac{1}{4})) - \frac{1}{4} \cdot - 1) \frac{u}{4} d u$

Step 4.10

Apply the distributive property.

$4 \int \frac{u}{4} (2 \frac{u}{4}) \frac{u}{4} + \frac{u}{4} (2 (- \frac{1}{4})) \frac{u}{4} + \frac{u}{4} \cdot - 1 \frac{u}{4} + (- \frac{1}{4} (2 \frac{u}{4}) - \frac{1}{4} (2 (- \frac{1}{4}))) \frac{u}{4} - \frac{1}{4} \cdot - 1 \frac{u}{4} d u$

Step 4.11

Apply the distributive property.

$4 \int \frac{u}{4} (2 \frac{u}{4}) \frac{u}{4} + \frac{u}{4} (2 (- \frac{1}{4})) \frac{u}{4} + \frac{u}{4} \cdot - 1 \frac{u}{4} - \frac{1}{4} (2 \frac{u}{4}) \frac{u}{4} - \frac{1}{4} (2 (- \frac{1}{4})) \frac{u}{4} - \frac{1}{4} \cdot - 1 \frac{u}{4} d u$

Step 4.12

Reorder $\frac{u}{4}$ and $2$ .

$4 \int 2 \cdot \frac{u}{4} \frac{u}{4} \frac{u}{4} + \frac{u}{4} (2 (- \frac{1}{4})) \frac{u}{4} + \frac{u}{4} \cdot - 1 \frac{u}{4} - \frac{1}{4} (2 \frac{u}{4}) \frac{u}{4} - \frac{1}{4} (2 (- \frac{1}{4})) \frac{u}{4} - \frac{1}{4} \cdot - 1 \frac{u}{4} d u$

Step 4.13

Move parentheses.

$4 \int 2 \cdot \frac{u}{4} \frac{u}{4} \frac{u}{4} + \frac{u}{4} (2 \cdot - 1) \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} + \frac{u}{4} \cdot - 1 \frac{u}{4} - \frac{1}{4} (2 \frac{u}{4}) \frac{u}{4} - \frac{1}{4} (2 (- \frac{1}{4})) \frac{u}{4} - \frac{1}{4} \cdot - 1 \frac{u}{4} d u$

Step 4.14

Move $\frac{u}{4}$ .

$4 \int 2 \cdot \frac{u}{4} \frac{u}{4} \frac{u}{4} + 2 \cdot - 1 \frac{u}{4} \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} + \frac{u}{4} \cdot - 1 \frac{u}{4} - \frac{1}{4} (2 \frac{u}{4}) \frac{u}{4} - \frac{1}{4} (2 (- \frac{1}{4})) \frac{u}{4} - \frac{1}{4} \cdot - 1 \frac{u}{4} d u$

Step 4.15

Reorder $\frac{u}{4}$ and $- 1$ .

$4 \int 2 \cdot \frac{u}{4} \frac{u}{4} \frac{u}{4} + 2 \cdot - 1 \frac{u}{4} \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot \frac{u}{4} \frac{u}{4} - \frac{1}{4} (2 \frac{u}{4}) \frac{u}{4} - \frac{1}{4} (2 (- \frac{1}{4})) \frac{u}{4} - \frac{1}{4} \cdot - 1 \frac{u}{4} d u$

Step 4.16

Move $\frac{1}{4}$ .

$4 \int 2 \cdot \frac{u}{4} \frac{u}{4} \frac{u}{4} + 2 \cdot - 1 \frac{u}{4} \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot \frac{u}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot 2 \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} \frac{u}{4} - \frac{1}{4} (2 (- \frac{1}{4})) \frac{u}{4} - \frac{1}{4} \cdot - 1 \frac{u}{4} d u$

Step 4.17

Move parentheses.

$4 \int 2 \cdot \frac{u}{4} \frac{u}{4} \frac{u}{4} + 2 \cdot - 1 \frac{u}{4} \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot \frac{u}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot 2 \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} \frac{u}{4} - \frac{1}{4} (2 \cdot - 1) \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} - \frac{1}{4} \cdot - 1 \frac{u}{4} d u$

Step 4.18

Move $\frac{1}{4}$ .

$4 \int 2 \cdot \frac{u}{4} \frac{u}{4} \frac{u}{4} + 2 \cdot - 1 \frac{u}{4} \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot \frac{u}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot 2 \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot 2 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} - \frac{1}{4} \cdot - 1 \frac{u}{4} d u$

Step 4.19

Move $\frac{1}{4}$ .

$4 \int 2 \cdot \frac{u}{4} \frac{u}{4} \frac{u}{4} + 2 \cdot - 1 \frac{u}{4} \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot \frac{u}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot 2 \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot 2 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} d u$

Step 4.20

Combine $2$ and $\frac{u}{4}$ .

$4 \int \frac{2 u}{4} \cdot \frac{u}{4} \frac{u}{4} + 2 \cdot - 1 \frac{u}{4} \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \frac{u}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot 2 \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot 2 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} d u$

Step 4.21

Multiply $\frac{2 u}{4}$ by $\frac{u}{4}$ .

$4 \int \frac{2 u \cdot u}{4 \cdot 4} \cdot \frac{u}{4} + 2 \cdot - 1 \frac{u}{4} \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \frac{u}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot 2 \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot 2 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} d u$

Step 4.22

Raise $u$ to the power of $1$ .

$4 \int \frac{2 (u^{1} u)}{4 \cdot 4} \cdot \frac{u}{4} + 2 \cdot - 1 \frac{u}{4} \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \frac{u}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot 2 \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot 2 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} d u$

Step 4.23

Raise $u$ to the power of $1$ .

$4 \int \frac{2 (u^{1} u^{1})}{4 \cdot 4} \cdot \frac{u}{4} + 2 \cdot - 1 \frac{u}{4} \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \frac{u}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot 2 \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot 2 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} d u$

Step 4.24

Use the power rule $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ to combine exponents.

$4 \int \frac{2 u^{1 + 1}}{4 \cdot 4} \cdot \frac{u}{4} + 2 \cdot - 1 \frac{u}{4} \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \frac{u}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot 2 \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot 2 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} d u$

Step 4.25

Add $1$ and $1$ .

$4 \int \frac{2 u^{2}}{4 \cdot 4} \cdot \frac{u}{4} + 2 \cdot - 1 \frac{u}{4} \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \frac{u}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot 2 \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot 2 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} d u$

Step 4.26

Multiply $4$ by $4$ .

$4 \int \frac{2 u^{2}}{16} \cdot \frac{u}{4} + 2 \cdot - 1 \frac{u}{4} \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \frac{u}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot 2 \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot 2 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} d u$

Step 4.27

Multiply $\frac{2 u^{2}}{16}$ by $\frac{u}{4}$ .

$4 \int \frac{2 u^{2} u}{16 \cdot 4} + 2 \cdot - 1 \frac{u}{4} \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \frac{u}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot 2 \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot 2 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} d u$

Step 4.28

Raise $u$ to the power of $1$ .

$4 \int \frac{2 (u^{2} u^{1})}{16 \cdot 4} + 2 \cdot - 1 \frac{u}{4} \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \frac{u}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot 2 \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot 2 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} d u$

Step 4.29

Use the power rule $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ to combine exponents.

$4 \int \frac{2 u^{2 + 1}}{16 \cdot 4} + 2 \cdot - 1 \frac{u}{4} \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \frac{u}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot 2 \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot 2 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} d u$

Step 4.30

Add $2$ and $1$ .

$4 \int \frac{2 u^{3}}{16 \cdot 4} + 2 \cdot - 1 \frac{u}{4} \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \frac{u}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot 2 \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot 2 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} d u$

Step 4.31

Multiply $16$ by $4$ .

$4 \int \frac{2 u^{3}}{64} + 2 \cdot - 1 \frac{u}{4} \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \frac{u}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot 2 \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot 2 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} d u$

Step 4.32

Multiply $2$ by $- 1$ .

$4 \int \frac{2 u^{3}}{64} - 2 \frac{u}{4} \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \frac{u}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot 2 \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot 2 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} d u$

Step 4.33

Combine $- 2$ and $\frac{u}{4}$ .

$4 \int \frac{2 u^{3}}{64} + \frac{- 2 u}{4} \cdot \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \frac{u}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot 2 \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot 2 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} d u$

Step 4.34

Multiply $\frac{- 2 u}{4}$ by $\frac{1}{4}$ .

$4 \int \frac{2 u^{3}}{64} + \frac{- 2 u}{4 \cdot 4} \cdot \frac{u}{4} - 1 \frac{u}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot 2 \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot 2 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} d u$

Step 4.35

Multiply $4$ by $4$ .

$4 \int \frac{2 u^{3}}{64} + \frac{- 2 u}{16} \cdot \frac{u}{4} - 1 \frac{u}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot 2 \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot 2 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} d u$

Step 4.36

Multiply $\frac{- 2 u}{16}$ by $\frac{u}{4}$ .

$4 \int \frac{2 u^{3}}{64} + \frac{- 2 u \cdot u}{16 \cdot 4} - 1 \frac{u}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot 2 \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot 2 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} d u$

Step 4.37

Raise $u$ to the power of $1$ .

$4 \int \frac{2 u^{3}}{64} + \frac{- 2 (u^{1} u)}{16 \cdot 4} - 1 \frac{u}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot 2 \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot 2 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} d u$

Step 4.38

Raise $u$ to the power of $1$ .

$4 \int \frac{2 u^{3}}{64} + \frac{- 2 (u^{1} u^{1})}{16 \cdot 4} - 1 \frac{u}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot 2 \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot 2 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} d u$

Step 4.39

Use the power rule $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ to combine exponents.

$4 \int \frac{2 u^{3}}{64} + \frac{- 2 u^{1 + 1}}{16 \cdot 4} - 1 \frac{u}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot 2 \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot 2 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} d u$

Step 4.40

Add $1$ and $1$ .

$4 \int \frac{2 u^{3}}{64} + \frac{- 2 u^{2}}{16 \cdot 4} - 1 \frac{u}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot 2 \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot 2 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} d u$

Step 4.41

Multiply $16$ by $4$ .

$4 \int \frac{2 u^{3}}{64} + \frac{- 2 u^{2}}{64} - 1 \frac{u}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot 2 \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot 2 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} d u$

Step 4.42

Combine $- 1 \frac{u}{4}$ and $\frac{u}{4}$ .

$4 \int \frac{2 u^{3}}{64} + \frac{- 2 u^{2}}{64} + \frac{- 1 \frac{u}{4} u}{4} - 1 \cdot 2 \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot 2 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} d u$

Step 4.43

Combine $\frac{u}{4}$ and $u$ .

$4 \int \frac{2 u^{3}}{64} + \frac{- 2 u^{2}}{64} + \frac{- 1 \frac{u \cdot u}{4}}{4} - 1 \cdot 2 \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot 2 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} d u$

Step 4.44

Raise $u$ to the power of $1$ .

$4 \int \frac{2 u^{3}}{64} + \frac{- 2 u^{2}}{64} + \frac{- 1 \frac{u^{1} u}{4}}{4} - 1 \cdot 2 \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot 2 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} d u$

Step 4.45

Raise $u$ to the power of $1$ .

$4 \int \frac{2 u^{3}}{64} + \frac{- 2 u^{2}}{64} + \frac{- 1 \frac{u^{1} u^{1}}{4}}{4} - 1 \cdot 2 \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot 2 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} d u$

Step 4.46

Use the power rule $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ to combine exponents.

$4 \int \frac{2 u^{3}}{64} + \frac{- 2 u^{2}}{64} + \frac{- 1 \frac{u^{1 + 1}}{4}}{4} - 1 \cdot 2 \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot 2 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} d u$

Step 4.47

Add $1$ and $1$ .

$4 \int \frac{2 u^{3}}{64} + \frac{- 2 u^{2}}{64} + \frac{- 1 \frac{u^{2}}{4}}{4} - 1 \cdot 2 \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot 2 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} d u$

Step 4.48

Multiply $- 1$ by $2$ .

$4 \int \frac{2 u^{3}}{64} + \frac{- 2 u^{2}}{64} + \frac{- 1 \frac{u^{2}}{4}}{4} - 2 (\frac{1}{4}) \frac{u}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot 2 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} d u$

Step 4.49

Combine $- 2$ and $\frac{1}{4}$ .

$4 \int \frac{2 u^{3}}{64} + \frac{- 2 u^{2}}{64} + \frac{- 1 \frac{u^{2}}{4}}{4} + \frac{- 2}{4} \cdot \frac{u}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot 2 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} d u$

Step 4.50

Multiply $\frac{- 2}{4}$ by $\frac{u}{4}$ .

$4 \int \frac{2 u^{3}}{64} + \frac{- 2 u^{2}}{64} + \frac{- 1 \frac{u^{2}}{4}}{4} + \frac{- 2 u}{4 \cdot 4} \cdot \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot 2 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} d u$

Step 4.51

Multiply $4$ by $4$ .

$4 \int \frac{2 u^{3}}{64} + \frac{- 2 u^{2}}{64} + \frac{- 1 \frac{u^{2}}{4}}{4} + \frac{- 2 u}{16} \cdot \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot 2 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} d u$

Step 4.52

Multiply $\frac{- 2 u}{16}$ by $\frac{u}{4}$ .

$4 \int \frac{2 u^{3}}{64} + \frac{- 2 u^{2}}{64} + \frac{- 1 \frac{u^{2}}{4}}{4} + \frac{- 2 u \cdot u}{16 \cdot 4} - 1 \cdot 2 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} d u$

Step 4.53

Raise $u$ to the power of $1$ .

$4 \int \frac{2 u^{3}}{64} + \frac{- 2 u^{2}}{64} + \frac{- 1 \frac{u^{2}}{4}}{4} + \frac{- 2 (u^{1} u)}{16 \cdot 4} - 1 \cdot 2 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} d u$

Step 4.54

Raise $u$ to the power of $1$ .

$4 \int \frac{2 u^{3}}{64} + \frac{- 2 u^{2}}{64} + \frac{- 1 \frac{u^{2}}{4}}{4} + \frac{- 2 (u^{1} u^{1})}{16 \cdot 4} - 1 \cdot 2 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} d u$

Step 4.55

Use the power rule $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ to combine exponents.

$4 \int \frac{2 u^{3}}{64} + \frac{- 2 u^{2}}{64} + \frac{- 1 \frac{u^{2}}{4}}{4} + \frac{- 2 u^{1 + 1}}{16 \cdot 4} - 1 \cdot 2 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} d u$

Step 4.56

Add $1$ and $1$ .

$4 \int \frac{2 u^{3}}{64} + \frac{- 2 u^{2}}{64} + \frac{- 1 \frac{u^{2}}{4}}{4} + \frac{- 2 u^{2}}{16 \cdot 4} - 1 \cdot 2 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} d u$

Step 4.57

Multiply $16$ by $4$ .

$4 \int \frac{2 u^{3}}{64} + \frac{- 2 u^{2}}{64} + \frac{- 1 \frac{u^{2}}{4}}{4} + \frac{- 2 u^{2}}{64} - 1 \cdot 2 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} d u$

Step 4.58

Multiply $- 1$ by $2$ .

$4 \int \frac{2 u^{3}}{64} + \frac{- 2 u^{2}}{64} + \frac{- 1 \frac{u^{2}}{4}}{4} + \frac{- 2 u^{2}}{64} - 2 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} d u$

Step 4.59

Multiply $- 2$ by $- 1$ .

$4 \int \frac{2 u^{3}}{64} + \frac{- 2 u^{2}}{64} + \frac{- 1 \frac{u^{2}}{4}}{4} + \frac{- 2 u^{2}}{64} + 2 (\frac{1}{4}) \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} d u$

Step 4.60

Combine $2$ and $\frac{1}{4}$ .

$4 \int \frac{2 u^{3}}{64} + \frac{- 2 u^{2}}{64} + \frac{- 1 \frac{u^{2}}{4}}{4} + \frac{- 2 u^{2}}{64} + \frac{2}{4} \cdot \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} d u$

Step 4.61

Multiply $\frac{2}{4}$ by $\frac{1}{4}$ .

$4 \int \frac{2 u^{3}}{64} + \frac{- 2 u^{2}}{64} + \frac{- 1 \frac{u^{2}}{4}}{4} + \frac{- 2 u^{2}}{64} + \frac{2}{4 \cdot 4} \cdot \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} d u$

Step 4.62

Multiply $4$ by $4$ .

$4 \int \frac{2 u^{3}}{64} + \frac{- 2 u^{2}}{64} + \frac{- 1 \frac{u^{2}}{4}}{4} + \frac{- 2 u^{2}}{64} + \frac{2}{16} \cdot \frac{u}{4} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} d u$

Step 4.63

Multiply $\frac{2}{16}$ by $\frac{u}{4}$ .

$4 \int \frac{2 u^{3}}{64} + \frac{- 2 u^{2}}{64} + \frac{- 1 \frac{u^{2}}{4}}{4} + \frac{- 2 u^{2}}{64} + \frac{2 u}{16 \cdot 4} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} d u$

Step 4.64

Multiply $16$ by $4$ .

$4 \int \frac{2 u^{3}}{64} + \frac{- 2 u^{2}}{64} + \frac{- 1 \frac{u^{2}}{4}}{4} + \frac{- 2 u^{2}}{64} + \frac{2 u}{64} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{u}{4} d u$

Step 4.65

Multiply $- 1$ by $- 1$ .

$4 \int \frac{2 u^{3}}{64} + \frac{- 2 u^{2}}{64} + \frac{- 1 \frac{u^{2}}{4}}{4} + \frac{- 2 u^{2}}{64} + \frac{2 u}{64} + 1 (\frac{1}{4}) \frac{u}{4} d u$

Step 4.66

Multiply $\frac{1}{4}$ by $1$ .

$4 \int \frac{2 u^{3}}{64} + \frac{- 2 u^{2}}{64} + \frac{- 1 \frac{u^{2}}{4}}{4} + \frac{- 2 u^{2}}{64} + \frac{2 u}{64} + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{u}{4} d u$

Step 4.67

Multiply $\frac{1}{4}$ by $\frac{u}{4}$ .

$4 \int \frac{2 u^{3}}{64} + \frac{- 2 u^{2}}{64} + \frac{- 1 \frac{u^{2}}{4}}{4} + \frac{- 2 u^{2}}{64} + \frac{2 u}{64} + \frac{u}{4 \cdot 4} d u$

Step 4.68

Multiply $4$ by $4$ .

$4 \int \frac{2 u^{3}}{64} + \frac{- 2 u^{2}}{64} + \frac{- 1 \frac{u^{2}}{4}}{4} + \frac{- 2 u^{2}}{64} + \frac{2 u}{64} + \frac{u}{16} d u$

Step 4.69

To write $\frac{u}{16}$ as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by $\frac{4}{4}$ .

$4 \int \frac{2 u^{3}}{64} + \frac{- 2 u^{2}}{64} + \frac{- 1 \frac{u^{2}}{4}}{4} + \frac{- 2 u^{2}}{64} + \frac{2 u}{64} + \frac{u}{16} \cdot \frac{4}{4} d u$

Step 4.70

Write each expression with a common denominator of $64$ , by multiplying each by an appropriate factor of $1$ .

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Step 4.70.1

Multiply $\frac{u}{16}$ by $\frac{4}{4}$ .

$4 \int \frac{2 u^{3}}{64} + \frac{- 2 u^{2}}{64} + \frac{- 1 \frac{u^{2}}{4}}{4} + \frac{- 2 u^{2}}{64} + \frac{2 u}{64} + \frac{u \cdot 4}{16 \cdot 4} d u$

Step 4.70.2

Multiply $16$ by $4$ .

$4 \int \frac{2 u^{3}}{64} + \frac{- 2 u^{2}}{64} + \frac{- 1 \frac{u^{2}}{4}}{4} + \frac{- 2 u^{2}}{64} + \frac{2 u}{64} + \frac{u \cdot 4}{64} d u$

$4 \int \frac{2 u^{3}}{64} + \frac{- 2 u^{2}}{64} + \frac{- 1 \frac{u^{2}}{4}}{4} + \frac{- 2 u^{2}}{64} + \frac{2 u}{64} + \frac{u \cdot 4}{64} d u$

Step 4.71

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$4 \int \frac{2 u^{3}}{64} + \frac{- 2 u^{2}}{64} + \frac{- 1 \frac{u^{2}}{4}}{4} + \frac{- 2 u^{2}}{64} + \frac{2 u + u \cdot 4}{64} d u$

Step 4.72

Reorder $2 u$ and $u \cdot 4$ .

$4 \int \frac{2 u^{3}}{64} + \frac{- 2 u^{2}}{64} + \frac{- 1 \frac{u^{2}}{4}}{4} + \frac{- 2 u^{2}}{64} + \frac{u \cdot 4 + 2 u}{64} d u$

$4 \int \frac{2 u^{3}}{64} + \frac{- 2 u^{2}}{64} + \frac{- 1 \frac{u^{2}}{4}}{4} + \frac{- 2 u^{2}}{64} + \frac{u \cdot 4 + 2 u}{64} d u$

Step 5

Simplify.

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Step 5.1

Cancel the common factor of $2$ and $64$ .

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Step 5.1.1

Factor $2$ out of $2 u^{3}$ .

$4 \int \frac{2 (u^{3})}{64} + \frac{- 2 u^{2}}{64} + \frac{- 1 \frac{u^{2}}{4}}{4} + \frac{- 2 u^{2}}{64} + \frac{u \cdot 4 + 2 u}{64} d u$

Step 5.1.2

Cancel the common factors.

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Step 5.1.2.1

Factor $2$ out of $64$ .

$4 \int \frac{2 u^{3}}{2 \cdot 32} + \frac{- 2 u^{2}}{64} + \frac{- 1 \frac{u^{2}}{4}}{4} + \frac{- 2 u^{2}}{64} + \frac{u \cdot 4 + 2 u}{64} d u$

Step 5.1.2.2

Cancel the common factor.

$4 \int \frac{2 u^{3}}{2 \cdot 32} + \frac{- 2 u^{2}}{64} + \frac{- 1 \frac{u^{2}}{4}}{4} + \frac{- 2 u^{2}}{64} + \frac{u \cdot 4 + 2 u}{64} d u$

Step 5.1.2.3

Rewrite the expression.

$4 \int \frac{u^{3}}{32} + \frac{- 2 u^{2}}{64} + \frac{- 1 \frac{u^{2}}{4}}{4} + \frac{- 2 u^{2}}{64} + \frac{u \cdot 4 + 2 u}{64} d u$

$4 \int \frac{u^{3}}{32} + \frac{- 2 u^{2}}{64} + \frac{- 1 \frac{u^{2}}{4}}{4} + \frac{- 2 u^{2}}{64} + \frac{u \cdot 4 + 2 u}{64} d u$

$4 \int \frac{u^{3}}{32} + \frac{- 2 u^{2}}{64} + \frac{- 1 \frac{u^{2}}{4}}{4} + \frac{- 2 u^{2}}{64} + \frac{u \cdot 4 + 2 u}{64} d u$

Step 5.2

Cancel the common factor of $- 2$ and $64$ .

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Step 5.2.1

Factor $2$ out of $- 2 u^{2}$ .

$4 \int \frac{u^{3}}{32} + \frac{2 (- u^{2})}{64} + \frac{- 1 \frac{u^{2}}{4}}{4} + \frac{- 2 u^{2}}{64} + \frac{u \cdot 4 + 2 u}{64} d u$

Step 5.2.2

Cancel the common factors.

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Step 5.2.2.1

Factor $2$ out of $64$ .

$4 \int \frac{u^{3}}{32} + \frac{2 (- u^{2})}{2 (32)} + \frac{- 1 \frac{u^{2}}{4}}{4} + \frac{- 2 u^{2}}{64} + \frac{u \cdot 4 + 2 u}{64} d u$

Step 5.2.2.2

Cancel the common factor.

$4 \int \frac{u^{3}}{32} + \frac{2 (- u^{2})}{2 \cdot 32} + \frac{- 1 \frac{u^{2}}{4}}{4} + \frac{- 2 u^{2}}{64} + \frac{u \cdot 4 + 2 u}{64} d u$

Step 5.2.2.3

Rewrite the expression.

$4 \int \frac{u^{3}}{32} + \frac{- u^{2}}{32} + \frac{- 1 \frac{u^{2}}{4}}{4} + \frac{- 2 u^{2}}{64} + \frac{u \cdot 4 + 2 u}{64} d u$

$4 \int \frac{u^{3}}{32} + \frac{- u^{2}}{32} + \frac{- 1 \frac{u^{2}}{4}}{4} + \frac{- 2 u^{2}}{64} + \frac{u \cdot 4 + 2 u}{64} d u$

$4 \int \frac{u^{3}}{32} + \frac{- u^{2}}{32} + \frac{- 1 \frac{u^{2}}{4}}{4} + \frac{- 2 u^{2}}{64} + \frac{u \cdot 4 + 2 u}{64} d u$

Step 5.3

Move the negative in front of the fraction.

$4 \int \frac{u^{3}}{32} - \frac{u^{2}}{32} + \frac{- 1 \frac{u^{2}}{4}}{4} + \frac{- 2 u^{2}}{64} + \frac{u \cdot 4 + 2 u}{64} d u$

Step 5.4

Rewrite $- 1 \frac{u^{2}}{4}$ as $- \frac{u^{2}}{4}$ .

$4 \int \frac{u^{3}}{32} - \frac{u^{2}}{32} + \frac{- \frac{u^{2}}{4}}{4} + \frac{- 2 u^{2}}{64} + \frac{u \cdot 4 + 2 u}{64} d u$

Step 5.5

Rewrite $\frac{- \frac{u^{2}}{4}}{4}$ as a product.

$4 \int \frac{u^{3}}{32} - \frac{u^{2}}{32} - \frac{u^{2}}{4} \cdot \frac{1}{4} + \frac{- 2 u^{2}}{64} + \frac{u \cdot 4 + 2 u}{64} d u$

Step 5.6

Multiply $\frac{1}{4}$ by $\frac{u^{2}}{4}$ .

$4 \int \frac{u^{3}}{32} - \frac{u^{2}}{32} - \frac{u^{2}}{4 \cdot 4} + \frac{- 2 u^{2}}{64} + \frac{u \cdot 4 + 2 u}{64} d u$

Step 5.7

Multiply $4$ by $4$ .

$4 \int \frac{u^{3}}{32} - \frac{u^{2}}{32} - \frac{u^{2}}{16} + \frac{- 2 u^{2}}{64} + \frac{u \cdot 4 + 2 u}{64} d u$

Step 5.8

Cancel the common factor of $- 2$ and $64$ .

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Step 5.8.1

Factor $2$ out of $- 2 u^{2}$ .

$4 \int \frac{u^{3}}{32} - \frac{u^{2}}{32} - \frac{u^{2}}{16} + \frac{2 (- u^{2})}{64} + \frac{u \cdot 4 + 2 u}{64} d u$

Step 5.8.2

Cancel the common factors.

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Step 5.8.2.1

Factor $2$ out of $64$ .

$4 \int \frac{u^{3}}{32} - \frac{u^{2}}{32} - \frac{u^{2}}{16} + \frac{2 (- u^{2})}{2 (32)} + \frac{u \cdot 4 + 2 u}{64} d u$

Step 5.8.2.2

Cancel the common factor.

$4 \int \frac{u^{3}}{32} - \frac{u^{2}}{32} - \frac{u^{2}}{16} + \frac{2 (- u^{2})}{2 \cdot 32} + \frac{u \cdot 4 + 2 u}{64} d u$

Step 5.8.2.3

Rewrite the expression.

$4 \int \frac{u^{3}}{32} - \frac{u^{2}}{32} - \frac{u^{2}}{16} + \frac{- u^{2}}{32} + \frac{u \cdot 4 + 2 u}{64} d u$

$4 \int \frac{u^{3}}{32} - \frac{u^{2}}{32} - \frac{u^{2}}{16} + \frac{- u^{2}}{32} + \frac{u \cdot 4 + 2 u}{64} d u$

$4 \int \frac{u^{3}}{32} - \frac{u^{2}}{32} - \frac{u^{2}}{16} + \frac{- u^{2}}{32} + \frac{u \cdot 4 + 2 u}{64} d u$

Step 5.9

Move the negative in front of the fraction.

$4 \int \frac{u^{3}}{32} - \frac{u^{2}}{32} - \frac{u^{2}}{16} - \frac{u^{2}}{32} + \frac{u \cdot 4 + 2 u}{64} d u$

Step 5.10

Subtract $\frac{u^{2}}{32}$ from $- \frac{u^{2}}{32}$ .

$4 \int \frac{u^{3}}{32} - \frac{u^{2}}{16} - 2 \frac{u^{2}}{32} + \frac{u \cdot 4 + 2 u}{64} d u$

Step 5.11

Combine $- 2$ and $\frac{u^{2}}{32}$ .

$4 \int \frac{u^{3}}{32} - \frac{u^{2}}{16} + \frac{- 2 u^{2}}{32} + \frac{u \cdot 4 + 2 u}{64} d u$

Step 5.12

Cancel the common factor of $- 2$ and $32$ .

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Step 5.12.1

Factor $2$ out of $- 2 u^{2}$ .

$4 \int \frac{u^{3}}{32} - \frac{u^{2}}{16} + \frac{2 (- u^{2})}{32} + \frac{u \cdot 4 + 2 u}{64} d u$

Step 5.12.2

Cancel the common factors.

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Step 5.12.2.1

Factor $2$ out of $32$ .

$4 \int \frac{u^{3}}{32} - \frac{u^{2}}{16} + \frac{2 (- u^{2})}{2 (16)} + \frac{u \cdot 4 + 2 u}{64} d u$

Step 5.12.2.2

Cancel the common factor.

$4 \int \frac{u^{3}}{32} - \frac{u^{2}}{16} + \frac{2 (- u^{2})}{2 \cdot 16} + \frac{u \cdot 4 + 2 u}{64} d u$

Step 5.12.2.3

Rewrite the expression.

$4 \int \frac{u^{3}}{32} - \frac{u^{2}}{16} + \frac{- u^{2}}{16} + \frac{u \cdot 4 + 2 u}{64} d u$

$4 \int \frac{u^{3}}{32} - \frac{u^{2}}{16} + \frac{- u^{2}}{16} + \frac{u \cdot 4 + 2 u}{64} d u$

$4 \int \frac{u^{3}}{32} - \frac{u^{2}}{16} + \frac{- u^{2}}{16} + \frac{u \cdot 4 + 2 u}{64} d u$

Step 5.13

Move the negative in front of the fraction.

$4 \int \frac{u^{3}}{32} - \frac{u^{2}}{16} - \frac{u^{2}}{16} + \frac{u \cdot 4 + 2 u}{64} d u$

Step 5.14

Subtract $\frac{u^{2}}{16}$ from $- \frac{u^{2}}{16}$ .

$4 \int \frac{u^{3}}{32} - 2 \frac{u^{2}}{16} + \frac{u \cdot 4 + 2 u}{64} d u$

Step 5.15

Combine $- 2$ and $\frac{u^{2}}{16}$ .

$4 \int \frac{u^{3}}{32} + \frac{- 2 u^{2}}{16} + \frac{u \cdot 4 + 2 u}{64} d u$

Step 5.16

Cancel the common factor of $- 2$ and $16$ .

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Step 5.16.1

Factor $2$ out of $- 2 u^{2}$ .

$4 \int \frac{u^{3}}{32} + \frac{2 (- u^{2})}{16} + \frac{u \cdot 4 + 2 u}{64} d u$

Step 5.16.2

Cancel the common factors.

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Step 5.16.2.1

Factor $2$ out of $16$ .

$4 \int \frac{u^{3}}{32} + \frac{2 (- u^{2})}{2 (8)} + \frac{u \cdot 4 + 2 u}{64} d u$

Step 5.16.2.2

Cancel the common factor.

$4 \int \frac{u^{3}}{32} + \frac{2 (- u^{2})}{2 \cdot 8} + \frac{u \cdot 4 + 2 u}{64} d u$

Step 5.16.2.3

Rewrite the expression.

$4 \int \frac{u^{3}}{32} + \frac{- u^{2}}{8} + \frac{u \cdot 4 + 2 u}{64} d u$

$4 \int \frac{u^{3}}{32} + \frac{- u^{2}}{8} + \frac{u \cdot 4 + 2 u}{64} d u$

$4 \int \frac{u^{3}}{32} + \frac{- u^{2}}{8} + \frac{u \cdot 4 + 2 u}{64} d u$

Step 5.17

Move the negative in front of the fraction.

$4 \int \frac{u^{3}}{32} - \frac{u^{2}}{8} + \frac{u \cdot 4 + 2 u}{64} d u$

Step 5.18

Move $4$ to the left of $u$ .

$4 \int \frac{u^{3}}{32} - \frac{u^{2}}{8} + \frac{4 \cdot u + 2 u}{64} d u$

Step 5.19

Add $4 u$ and $2 u$ .

$4 \int \frac{u^{3}}{32} - \frac{u^{2}}{8} + \frac{6 u}{64} d u$

Step 5.20

Cancel the common factor of $6$ and $64$ .

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Step 5.20.1

Factor $2$ out of $6 u$ .

$4 \int \frac{u^{3}}{32} - \frac{u^{2}}{8} + \frac{2 (3 u)}{64} d u$

Step 5.20.2

Cancel the common factors.

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Step 5.20.2.1

Factor $2$ out of $64$ .

$4 \int \frac{u^{3}}{32} - \frac{u^{2}}{8} + \frac{2 (3 u)}{2 (32)} d u$

Step 5.20.2.2

Cancel the common factor.

$4 \int \frac{u^{3}}{32} - \frac{u^{2}}{8} + \frac{2 (3 u)}{2 \cdot 32} d u$

Step 5.20.2.3

Rewrite the expression.

$4 \int \frac{u^{3}}{32} - \frac{u^{2}}{8} + \frac{3 u}{32} d u$

$4 \int \frac{u^{3}}{32} - \frac{u^{2}}{8} + \frac{3 u}{32} d u$

$4 \int \frac{u^{3}}{32} - \frac{u^{2}}{8} + \frac{3 u}{32} d u$

$4 \int \frac{u^{3}}{32} - \frac{u^{2}}{8} + \frac{3 u}{32} d u$

Step 6

Split the single integral into multiple integrals.

$4 (\int \frac{u^{3}}{32} d u + \int - \frac{u^{2}}{8} d u + \int \frac{3 u}{32} d u)$

Step 7

Since $\frac{1}{32}$ is constant with respect to $u$ , move $\frac{1}{32}$ out of the integral.

$4 (\frac{1}{32} \int u^{3} d u + \int - \frac{u^{2}}{8} d u + \int \frac{3 u}{32} d u)$

Step 8

By the Power Rule, the integral of $u^{3}$ with respect to $u$ is $\frac{1}{4} u^{4}$ .

$4 (\frac{1}{32} (\frac{1}{4} u^{4} + C) + \int - \frac{u^{2}}{8} d u + \int \frac{3 u}{32} d u)$

Step 9

Combine $\frac{1}{4}$ and $u^{4}$ .

$4 (\frac{1}{32} (\frac{u^{4}}{4} + C) + \int - \frac{u^{2}}{8} d u + \int \frac{3 u}{32} d u)$

Step 10

Since $- 1$ is constant with respect to $u$ , move $- 1$ out of the integral.

$4 (\frac{1}{32} (\frac{u^{4}}{4} + C) - \int \frac{u^{2}}{8} d u + \int \frac{3 u}{32} d u)$

Step 11

Since $\frac{1}{8}$ is constant with respect to $u$ , move $\frac{1}{8}$ out of the integral.

$4 (\frac{1}{32} (\frac{u^{4}}{4} + C) - (\frac{1}{8} \int u^{2} d u) + \int \frac{3 u}{32} d u)$

Step 12

By the Power Rule, the integral of $u^{2}$ with respect to $u$ is $\frac{1}{3} u^{3}$ .

$4 (\frac{1}{32} (\frac{u^{4}}{4} + C) - \frac{1}{8} (\frac{1}{3} u^{3} + C) + \int \frac{3 u}{32} d u)$

Step 13

Combine $\frac{1}{3}$ and $u^{3}$ .

$4 (\frac{1}{32} (\frac{u^{4}}{4} + C) - \frac{1}{8} (\frac{u^{3}}{3} + C) + \int \frac{3 u}{32} d u)$

Step 14

Since $\frac{3}{32}$ is constant with respect to $u$ , move $\frac{3}{32}$ out of the integral.

$4 (\frac{1}{32} (\frac{u^{4}}{4} + C) - \frac{1}{8} (\frac{u^{3}}{3} + C) + \frac{3}{32} \int u d u)$

Step 15

By the Power Rule, the integral of $u$ with respect to $u$ is $\frac{1}{2} u^{2}$ .

$4 (\frac{1}{32} (\frac{u^{4}}{4} + C) - \frac{1}{8} (\frac{u^{3}}{3} + C) + \frac{3}{32} (\frac{1}{2} u^{2} + C))$

Step 16

Simplify.

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Step 16.1

Combine $\frac{1}{2}$ and $u^{2}$ .

$4 (\frac{1}{32} (\frac{u^{4}}{4} + C) - \frac{1}{8} (\frac{u^{3}}{3} + C) + \frac{3}{32} (\frac{u^{2}}{2} + C))$

Step 16.2

Simplify.

$4 (\frac{u^{4}}{128} - \frac{u^{3}}{24} + \frac{3 u^{2}}{64}) + C$

$4 (\frac{u^{4}}{128} - \frac{u^{3}}{24} + \frac{3 u^{2}}{64}) + C$

Step 17

Replace all occurrences of $u$ with $4 x + 1$ .

$4 (\frac{{(4 x + 1)}^{4}}{128} - \frac{{(4 x + 1)}^{3}}{24} + \frac{3 {(4 x + 1)}^{2}}{64}) + C$

Step 18

Reorder terms.

$4 (\frac{1}{128} {(4 x + 1)}^{4} - \frac{1}{24} {(4 x + 1)}^{3} + \frac{3}{64} {(4 x + 1)}^{2}) + C$

$[\begin{array}{c} x^{2} & \frac{1}{2} \\ \sqrt{π} & \int x d x \end{array}]$