Calculus Examples

$y \sqrt{y^{3} + 1} = x$

Step 1

Use $\sqrt[n]{a^{x}} = a^{\frac{x}{n}}$ to rewrite $\sqrt{y^{3} + 1}$ as ${(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}$ .

$y {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} = x$

Step 2

Differentiate both sides of the equation.

$\frac{d}{d x} (y {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}) = \frac{d}{d x} (x)$

Step 3

Differentiate the left side of the equation.

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Step 3.1

Differentiate using the Product Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [f (x) g (x)]$ is $f (x) \frac{d}{d x} [g (x)] + g (x) \frac{d}{d x} [f (x)]$ where $f (x) = y$ and $g (x) = {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}$ .

$y \frac{d}{d x} [{(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}] + {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [y]$

Step 3.2

Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [f (g (x))]$ is $f' (g (x)) g' (x)$ where $f (x) = x^{\frac{1}{2}}$ and $g (x) = y^{3} + 1$ .

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Step 3.2.1

To apply the Chain Rule, set $u_{1}$ as $y^{3} + 1$ .

$y (\frac{d}{d u_{1}} [{u_{1}}^{\frac{1}{2}}] \frac{d}{d x} [y^{3} + 1]) + {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [y]$

Step 3.2.2

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d u_{1}} [{u_{1}}^{n}]$ is $n {u_{1}}^{n - 1}$ where $n = \frac{1}{2}$ .

$y (\frac{1}{2} {u_{1}}^{\frac{1}{2} - 1} \frac{d}{d x} [y^{3} + 1]) + {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [y]$

Step 3.2.3

Replace all occurrences of $u_{1}$ with $y^{3} + 1$ .

$y (\frac{1}{2} {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2} - 1} \frac{d}{d x} [y^{3} + 1]) + {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [y]$

Step 3.3

To write $- 1$ as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by $\frac{2}{2}$ .

$y (\frac{1}{2} {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot \frac{2}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [y^{3} + 1]) + {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [y]$

Step 3.4

Combine $- 1$ and $\frac{2}{2}$ .

$y (\frac{1}{2} {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2} + \frac{- 1 \cdot 2}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [y^{3} + 1]) + {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [y]$

Step 3.5

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$y (\frac{1}{2} {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1 - 1 \cdot 2}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [y^{3} + 1]) + {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [y]$

Step 3.6

Simplify the numerator.

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Step 3.6.1

Multiply $- 1$ by $2$ .

$y (\frac{1}{2} {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1 - 2}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [y^{3} + 1]) + {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [y]$

Step 3.6.2

Subtract $2$ from $1$ .

$y (\frac{1}{2} {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{- 1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [y^{3} + 1]) + {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [y]$

Step 3.7

Differentiate using the Sum Rule.

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Step 3.7.1

Move the negative in front of the fraction.

$y (\frac{1}{2} {(y^{3} + 1)}^{- \frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [y^{3} + 1]) + {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [y]$

Step 3.7.2

Combine fractions.

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Step 3.7.2.1

Combine $\frac{1}{2}$ and ${(y^{3} + 1)}^{- \frac{1}{2}}$ .

$y (\frac{{(y^{3} + 1)}^{- \frac{1}{2}}}{2} \frac{d}{d x} [y^{3} + 1]) + {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [y]$

Step 3.7.2.2

Move ${(y^{3} + 1)}^{- \frac{1}{2}}$ to the denominator using the negative exponent rule $b^{- n} = \frac{1}{b^{n}}$ .

$y (\frac{1}{2 {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} \frac{d}{d x} [y^{3} + 1]) + {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [y]$

Step 3.7.2.3

Combine $\frac{1}{2 {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}}$ and $y$ .

$\frac{y}{2 {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} \frac{d}{d x} [y^{3} + 1] + {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [y]$

Step 3.7.3

By the Sum Rule, the derivative of $y^{3} + 1$ with respect to $x$ is $\frac{d}{d x} [y^{3}] + \frac{d}{d x} [1]$ .

$\frac{y}{2 {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} (\frac{d}{d x} [y^{3}] + \frac{d}{d x} [1]) + {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [y]$

Step 3.8

Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [f (g (x))]$ is $f' (g (x)) g' (x)$ where $f (x) = x^{3}$ and $g (x) = y$ .

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Step 3.8.1

To apply the Chain Rule, set $u_{2}$ as $y$ .

$\frac{y}{2 {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} (\frac{d}{d u_{2}} [{u_{2}}^{3}] \frac{d}{d x} [y] + \frac{d}{d x} [1]) + {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [y]$

Step 3.8.2

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d u_{2}} [{u_{2}}^{n}]$ is $n {u_{2}}^{n - 1}$ where $n = 3$ .

$\frac{y}{2 {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} (3 {u_{2}}^{2} \frac{d}{d x} [y] + \frac{d}{d x} [1]) + {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [y]$

Step 3.8.3

Replace all occurrences of $u_{2}$ with $y$ .

$\frac{y}{2 {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} (3 y^{2} \frac{d}{d x} [y] + \frac{d}{d x} [1]) + {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [y]$

Step 3.9

Rewrite $\frac{d}{d x} [y]$ as $y'$ .

$\frac{y}{2 {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} (3 y^{2} y' + \frac{d}{d x} [1]) + {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [y]$

Step 3.10

Since $1$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $1$ with respect to $x$ is $0$ .

$\frac{y}{2 {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} (3 y^{2} y' + 0) + {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [y]$

Step 3.11

Combine fractions.

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Step 3.11.1

Add $3 y^{2} y'$ and $0$ .

$\frac{y}{2 {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} (3 y^{2} y') + {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [y]$

Step 3.11.2

Combine $3$ and $\frac{y}{2 {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}}$ .

$\frac{3 y}{2 {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} (y^{2} y') + {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [y]$

Step 3.11.3

Combine $y^{2}$ and $\frac{3 y}{2 {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}}$ .

$\frac{y^{2} (3 y)}{2 {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} y' + {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [y]$

Step 3.12

Multiply $y^{2}$ by $y$ by adding the exponents.

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Step 3.12.1

Move $y$ .

$\frac{y \cdot y^{2} \cdot 3}{2 {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} y' + {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [y]$

Step 3.12.2

Multiply $y$ by $y^{2}$ .

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Step 3.12.2.1

Raise $y$ to the power of $1$ .

$\frac{y^{1} y^{2} \cdot 3}{2 {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} y' + {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [y]$

Step 3.12.2.2

Use the power rule $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ to combine exponents.

$\frac{y^{1 + 2} \cdot 3}{2 {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} y' + {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [y]$

Step 3.12.3

Add $1$ and $2$ .

$\frac{y^{3} \cdot 3}{2 {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} y' + {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [y]$

Step 3.13

Combine $\frac{y^{3} \cdot 3}{2 {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}}$ and $y'$ .

$\frac{y^{3} \cdot 3 y'}{2 {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} + {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [y]$

Step 3.14

Move $3$ to the left of $y^{3}$ .

$\frac{3 \cdot y^{3} y'}{2 {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} + {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [y]$

Step 3.15

Rewrite $\frac{d}{d x} [y]$ as $y'$ .

$\frac{3 y^{3} y'}{2 {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} + {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} y'$

Step 4

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ is $n x^{n - 1}$ where $n = 1$ .

$1$

Step 5

Reform the equation by setting the left side equal to the right side.

$\frac{3 y^{3} y'}{2 {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} + {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} y' = 1$

Step 6

Solve for $y'$ .

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Step 6.1

Find the LCD of the terms in the equation.

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Step 6.1.1

Finding the LCD of a list of values is the same as finding the LCM of the denominators of those values.

$2 {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}, 1, 1$

Step 6.1.2

The LCM of one and any expression is the expression.

$2 {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}$

Step 6.2

Multiply each term in $\frac{3 y^{3} y'}{2 {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} + {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} y' = 1$ by $2 {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}$ to eliminate the fractions.

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Step 6.2.1

Multiply each term in $\frac{3 y^{3} y'}{2 {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} + {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} y' = 1$ by $2 {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}$ .

$\frac{3 y^{3} y'}{2 {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} (2 {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}) + {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} y' (2 {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}) = 1 (2 {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}})$

Step 6.2.2

Simplify the left side.

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Step 6.2.2.1

Simplify each term.

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Step 6.2.2.1.1

Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.

$2 \frac{3 y^{3} y'}{2 {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} + {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} y' (2 {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}) = 1 (2 {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}})$

Step 6.2.2.1.2

Cancel the common factor of $2$ .

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Step 6.2.2.1.2.1

Cancel the common factor.

$2 \frac{3 y^{3} y'}{2 {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} + {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} y' (2 {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}) = 1 (2 {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}})$

Step 6.2.2.1.2.2

Rewrite the expression.

$\frac{3 y^{3} y'}{{(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} + {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} y' (2 {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}) = 1 (2 {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}})$

Step 6.2.2.1.3

Cancel the common factor of ${(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}$ .

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Step 6.2.2.1.3.1

Cancel the common factor.

$\frac{3 y^{3} y'}{{(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} + {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} y' (2 {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}) = 1 (2 {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}})$

Step 6.2.2.1.3.2

Rewrite the expression.

$3 y^{3} y' + {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} y' (2 {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}) = 1 (2 {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}})$

Step 6.2.2.1.4

Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.

$3 y^{3} y' + 2 {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} y' {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} = 1 (2 {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}})$

Step 6.2.2.1.5

Multiply ${(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}$ by ${(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}$ by adding the exponents.

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Step 6.2.2.1.5.1

Move ${(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}$ .

$3 y^{3} y' + 2 ({(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}) y' = 1 (2 {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}})$

Step 6.2.2.1.5.2

Use the power rule $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ to combine exponents.

$3 y^{3} y' + 2 {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2}} y' = 1 (2 {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}})$

Step 6.2.2.1.5.3

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$3 y^{3} y' + 2 {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1 + 1}{2}} y' = 1 (2 {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}})$

Step 6.2.2.1.5.4

Add $1$ and $1$ .

$3 y^{3} y' + 2 {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{2}{2}} y' = 1 (2 {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}})$

Step 6.2.2.1.5.5

Divide $2$ by $2$ .

$3 y^{3} y' + 2 {(y^{3} + 1)}^{1} y' = 1 (2 {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}})$

Step 6.2.2.1.6

Simplify $2 {(y^{3} + 1)}^{1} y'$ .

$3 y^{3} y' + 2 (y^{3} + 1) y' = 1 (2 {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}})$

Step 6.2.2.1.7

Apply the distributive property.

$3 y^{3} y' + (2 y^{3} + 2 \cdot 1) y' = 1 (2 {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}})$

Step 6.2.2.1.8

Multiply $2$ by $1$ .

$3 y^{3} y' + (2 y^{3} + 2) y' = 1 (2 {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}})$

Step 6.2.2.1.9

Apply the distributive property.

$3 y^{3} y' + 2 y^{3} y' + 2 y' = 1 (2 {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}})$

Step 6.2.2.2

Add $3 y^{3} y'$ and $2 y^{3} y'$ .

$5 y^{3} y' + 2 y' = 1 (2 {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}})$

Step 6.2.3

Simplify the right side.

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Step 6.2.3.1

Multiply $2 {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}$ by $1$ .

$5 y^{3} y' + 2 y' = 2 {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}$

Step 6.3

Solve the equation.

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Step 6.3.1

Factor $y'$ out of $5 y^{3} y' + 2 y'$ .

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Step 6.3.1.1

Factor $y'$ out of $5 y^{3} y'$ .

$y' (5 y^{3}) + 2 y' = 2 {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}$

Step 6.3.1.2

Factor $y'$ out of $2 y'$ .

$y' (5 y^{3}) + y' \cdot 2 = 2 {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}$

Step 6.3.1.3

Factor $y'$ out of $y' (5 y^{3}) + y' \cdot 2$ .

$y' (5 y^{3} + 2) = 2 {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}$

Step 6.3.2

Divide each term in $y' (5 y^{3} + 2) = 2 {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}$ by $5 y^{3} + 2$ and simplify.

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Step 6.3.2.1

Divide each term in $y' (5 y^{3} + 2) = 2 {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}$ by $5 y^{3} + 2$ .

$\frac{y' (5 y^{3} + 2)}{5 y^{3} + 2} = \frac{2 {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}}{5 y^{3} + 2}$

Step 6.3.2.2

Simplify the left side.

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Step 6.3.2.2.1

Cancel the common factor of $5 y^{3} + 2$ .

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Step 6.3.2.2.1.1

Cancel the common factor.

$\frac{y' (5 y^{3} + 2)}{5 y^{3} + 2} = \frac{2 {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}}{5 y^{3} + 2}$

Step 6.3.2.2.1.2

Divide $y'$ by $1$ .

$y' = \frac{2 {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}}{5 y^{3} + 2}$

Step 7

Replace $y'$ with $\frac{d y}{d x}$ .

$\frac{d y}{d x} = \frac{2 {(y^{3} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}}{5 y^{3} + 2}$