Calculus Examples

$y = \frac{3 x + 7}{\sqrt{5 + 2 x}}$

Step 1

Use $\sqrt[n]{a^{x}} = a^{\frac{x}{n}}$ to rewrite $\sqrt{5 + 2 x}$ as ${(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}}$ .

$\frac{d}{d x} [\frac{3 x + 7}{{(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}}}]$

Step 2

Differentiate using the Quotient Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [\frac{f (x)}{g (x)}]$ is $\frac{g (x) \frac{d}{d x} [f (x)] - f (x) \frac{d}{d x} [g (x)]}{{g (x)}^{2}}$ where $f (x) = 3 x + 7$ and $g (x) = {(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}}$ .

$\frac{{(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [3 x + 7] - (3 x + 7) \frac{d}{d x} [{(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}}]}{{({(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}})}^{2}}$

Step 3

Multiply the exponents in ${({(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}})}^{2}$ .

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Step 3.1

Apply the power rule and multiply exponents, ${(a^{m})}^{n} = a^{m n}$ .

$\frac{{(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [3 x + 7] - (3 x + 7) \frac{d}{d x} [{(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}}]}{{(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2} \cdot 2}}$

Step 3.2

Cancel the common factor of $2$ .

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Step 3.2.1

Cancel the common factor.

$\frac{{(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [3 x + 7] - (3 x + 7) \frac{d}{d x} [{(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}}]}{{(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2} \cdot 2}}$

Step 3.2.2

Rewrite the expression.

$\frac{{(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [3 x + 7] - (3 x + 7) \frac{d}{d x} [{(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}}]}{{(5 + 2 x)}^{1}}$

Step 4

Simplify.

$\frac{{(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [3 x + 7] - (3 x + 7) \frac{d}{d x} [{(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}}]}{5 + 2 x}$

Step 5

Differentiate.

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Step 5.1

By the Sum Rule, the derivative of $3 x + 7$ with respect to $x$ is $\frac{d}{d x} [3 x] + \frac{d}{d x} [7]$ .

$\frac{{(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}} (\frac{d}{d x} [3 x] + \frac{d}{d x} [7]) - (3 x + 7) \frac{d}{d x} [{(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}}]}{5 + 2 x}$

Step 5.2

Since $3$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $3 x$ with respect to $x$ is $3 \frac{d}{d x} [x]$ .

$\frac{{(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}} (3 \frac{d}{d x} [x] + \frac{d}{d x} [7]) - (3 x + 7) \frac{d}{d x} [{(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}}]}{5 + 2 x}$

Step 5.3

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ is $n x^{n - 1}$ where $n = 1$ .

$\frac{{(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}} (3 \cdot 1 + \frac{d}{d x} [7]) - (3 x + 7) \frac{d}{d x} [{(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}}]}{5 + 2 x}$

Step 5.4

Multiply $3$ by $1$ .

$\frac{{(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}} (3 + \frac{d}{d x} [7]) - (3 x + 7) \frac{d}{d x} [{(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}}]}{5 + 2 x}$

Step 5.5

Since $7$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $7$ with respect to $x$ is $0$ .

$\frac{{(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}} (3 + 0) - (3 x + 7) \frac{d}{d x} [{(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}}]}{5 + 2 x}$

Step 5.6

Simplify the expression.

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Step 5.6.1

Add $3$ and $0$ .

$\frac{{(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}} \cdot 3 - (3 x + 7) \frac{d}{d x} [{(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}}]}{5 + 2 x}$

Step 5.6.2

Move $3$ to the left of ${(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}}$ .

$\frac{3 \cdot {(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}} - (3 x + 7) \frac{d}{d x} [{(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}}]}{5 + 2 x}$

Step 6

Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [f (g (x))]$ is $f' (g (x)) g' (x)$ where $f (x) = x^{\frac{1}{2}}$ and $g (x) = 5 + 2 x$ .

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Step 6.1

To apply the Chain Rule, set $u_{1}$ as $5 + 2 x$ .

$\frac{3 {(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}} - (3 x + 7) (\frac{d}{d u_{1}} [{u_{1}}^{\frac{1}{2}}] \frac{d}{d x} [5 + 2 x])}{5 + 2 x}$

Step 6.2

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d u_{1}} [{u_{1}}^{n}]$ is $n {u_{1}}^{n - 1}$ where $n = \frac{1}{2}$ .

$\frac{3 {(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}} - (3 x + 7) (\frac{1}{2} {u_{1}}^{\frac{1}{2} - 1} \frac{d}{d x} [5 + 2 x])}{5 + 2 x}$

Step 6.3

Replace all occurrences of $u_{1}$ with $5 + 2 x$ .

$\frac{3 {(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}} - (3 x + 7) (\frac{1}{2} {(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2} - 1} \frac{d}{d x} [5 + 2 x])}{5 + 2 x}$

Step 7

To write $- 1$ as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by $\frac{2}{2}$ .

$\frac{3 {(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}} - (3 x + 7) (\frac{1}{2} {(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot \frac{2}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [5 + 2 x])}{5 + 2 x}$

Step 8

Combine $- 1$ and $\frac{2}{2}$ .

$\frac{3 {(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}} - (3 x + 7) (\frac{1}{2} {(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2} + \frac{- 1 \cdot 2}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [5 + 2 x])}{5 + 2 x}$

Step 9

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$\frac{3 {(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}} - (3 x + 7) (\frac{1}{2} {(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1 - 1 \cdot 2}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [5 + 2 x])}{5 + 2 x}$

Step 10

Simplify the numerator.

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Step 10.1

Multiply $- 1$ by $2$ .

$\frac{3 {(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}} - (3 x + 7) (\frac{1}{2} {(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1 - 2}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [5 + 2 x])}{5 + 2 x}$

Step 10.2

Subtract $2$ from $1$ .

$\frac{3 {(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}} - (3 x + 7) (\frac{1}{2} {(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{- 1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [5 + 2 x])}{5 + 2 x}$

Step 11

Combine fractions.

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Step 11.1

Move the negative in front of the fraction.

$\frac{3 {(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}} - (3 x + 7) (\frac{1}{2} {(5 + 2 x)}^{- \frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [5 + 2 x])}{5 + 2 x}$

Step 11.2

Combine $\frac{1}{2}$ and ${(5 + 2 x)}^{- \frac{1}{2}}$ .

$\frac{3 {(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}} - (3 x + 7) (\frac{{(5 + 2 x)}^{- \frac{1}{2}}}{2} \frac{d}{d x} [5 + 2 x])}{5 + 2 x}$

Step 11.3

Move ${(5 + 2 x)}^{- \frac{1}{2}}$ to the denominator using the negative exponent rule $b^{- n} = \frac{1}{b^{n}}$ .

$\frac{3 {(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}} - (3 x + 7) (\frac{1}{2 {(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} \frac{d}{d x} [5 + 2 x])}{5 + 2 x}$

Step 12

By the Sum Rule, the derivative of $5 + 2 x$ with respect to $x$ is $\frac{d}{d x} [5] + \frac{d}{d x} [2 x]$ .

$\frac{3 {(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}} - (3 x + 7) (\frac{1}{2 {(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} (\frac{d}{d x} [5] + \frac{d}{d x} [2 x]))}{5 + 2 x}$

Step 13

Since $5$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $5$ with respect to $x$ is $0$ .

$\frac{3 {(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}} - (3 x + 7) (\frac{1}{2 {(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} (0 + \frac{d}{d x} [2 x]))}{5 + 2 x}$

Step 14

Add $0$ and $\frac{d}{d x} [2 x]$ .

$\frac{3 {(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}} - (3 x + 7) (\frac{1}{2 {(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} \frac{d}{d x} [2 x])}{5 + 2 x}$

Step 15

Since $2$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $2 x$ with respect to $x$ is $2 \frac{d}{d x} [x]$ .

$\frac{3 {(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}} - (3 x + 7) (\frac{1}{2 {(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} (2 \frac{d}{d x} [x]))}{5 + 2 x}$

Step 16

Simplify terms.

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Step 16.1

Combine $2$ and $\frac{1}{2 {(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}}}$ .

$\frac{3 {(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}} - (3 x + 7) (\frac{2}{2 {(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} \frac{d}{d x} [x])}{5 + 2 x}$

Step 16.2

Cancel the common factor.

$\frac{3 {(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}} - (3 x + 7) (\frac{2}{2 {(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} \frac{d}{d x} [x])}{5 + 2 x}$

Step 16.3

Rewrite the expression.

$\frac{3 {(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}} - (3 x + 7) (\frac{1}{{(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} \frac{d}{d x} [x])}{5 + 2 x}$

Step 17

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ is $n x^{n - 1}$ where $n = 1$ .

$\frac{3 {(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}} - (3 x + 7) (\frac{1}{{(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} \cdot 1)}{5 + 2 x}$

Step 18

Multiply $\frac{1}{{(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}}}$ by $1$ .

$\frac{3 {(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}} - (3 x + 7) \frac{1}{{(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}}}}{5 + 2 x}$

Step 19

Simplify.

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Step 19.1

Apply the distributive property.

$\frac{3 {(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}} + (- (3 x) - 1 \cdot 7) \frac{1}{{(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}}}}{5 + 2 x}$

Step 19.2

Simplify the numerator.

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Step 19.2.1

Add parentheses.

$\frac{3 {(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}} + (- 1 \cdot (3 x) - 1 \cdot 7) \frac{1}{{(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}}}}{5 + 2 x}$

Step 19.2.2

Let $u_{2} = {(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}}$ . Substitute $u_{2}$ for all occurrences of ${(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}}$ .

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Step 19.2.2.1

Move $u_{2}$ .

$\frac{\frac{3 (u_{2} \cdot u_{2}) - 3 x - 7}{u_{2}}}{5 + 2 x}$

Step 19.2.2.2

Multiply $u_{2}$ by $u_{2}$ .

$\frac{\frac{3 {u_{2}}^{2} - 3 x - 7}{u_{2}}}{5 + 2 x}$

Step 19.2.3

Replace all occurrences of $u_{2}$ with ${(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}}$ .

$\frac{\frac{3 {({(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}})}^{2} - 3 x - 7}{{(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}}}}{5 + 2 x}$

Step 19.2.4

Simplify.

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Step 19.2.4.1

Simplify each term.

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Step 19.2.4.1.1

Multiply the exponents in ${({(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}})}^{2}$ .

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Step 19.2.4.1.1.1

Apply the power rule and multiply exponents, ${(a^{m})}^{n} = a^{m n}$ .

$\frac{\frac{3 {(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2} \cdot 2} - 3 x - 7}{{(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}}}}{5 + 2 x}$

Step 19.2.4.1.1.2

Cancel the common factor of $2$ .

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Step 19.2.4.1.1.2.1

Cancel the common factor.

$\frac{\frac{3 {(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2} \cdot 2} - 3 x - 7}{{(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}}}}{5 + 2 x}$

Step 19.2.4.1.1.2.2

Rewrite the expression.

$\frac{\frac{3 {(5 + 2 x)}^{1} - 3 x - 7}{{(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}}}}{5 + 2 x}$

Step 19.2.4.1.2

Simplify.

$\frac{\frac{3 (5 + 2 x) - 3 x - 7}{{(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}}}}{5 + 2 x}$

Step 19.2.4.1.3

Apply the distributive property.

$\frac{\frac{3 \cdot 5 + 3 (2 x) - 3 x - 7}{{(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}}}}{5 + 2 x}$

Step 19.2.4.1.4

Multiply $3$ by $5$ .

$\frac{\frac{15 + 3 (2 x) - 3 x - 7}{{(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}}}}{5 + 2 x}$

Step 19.2.4.1.5

Multiply $2$ by $3$ .

$\frac{\frac{15 + 6 x - 3 x - 7}{{(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}}}}{5 + 2 x}$

Step 19.2.4.2

Subtract $7$ from $15$ .

$\frac{\frac{6 x - 3 x + 8}{{(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}}}}{5 + 2 x}$

Step 19.2.4.3

Subtract $3 x$ from $6 x$ .

$\frac{\frac{3 x + 8}{{(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}}}}{5 + 2 x}$

Step 19.3

Combine terms.

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Step 19.3.1

Rewrite $\frac{\frac{3 x + 8}{{(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}}}}{5 + 2 x}$ as a product.

$\frac{3 x + 8}{{(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} \cdot \frac{1}{5 + 2 x}$

Step 19.3.2

Multiply $\frac{3 x + 8}{{(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}}}$ by $\frac{1}{5 + 2 x}$ .

$\frac{3 x + 8}{{(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}} (5 + 2 x)}$

Step 19.3.3

Multiply ${(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}}$ by $5 + 2 x$ by adding the exponents.

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Step 19.3.3.1

Multiply ${(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}}$ by $5 + 2 x$ .

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Step 19.3.3.1.1

Raise $5 + 2 x$ to the power of $1$ .

$\frac{3 x + 8}{{(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}} {(5 + 2 x)}^{1}}$

Step 19.3.3.1.2

Use the power rule $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ to combine exponents.

$\frac{3 x + 8}{{(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2} + 1}}$

Step 19.3.3.2

Write $1$ as a fraction with a common denominator.

$\frac{3 x + 8}{{(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2} + \frac{2}{2}}}$

Step 19.3.3.3

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$\frac{3 x + 8}{{(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{1 + 2}{2}}}$

Step 19.3.3.4

Add $1$ and $2$ .

$\frac{3 x + 8}{{(5 + 2 x)}^{\frac{3}{2}}}$

Step 19.4

Reorder terms.

$\frac{3 x + 8}{{(2 x + 5)}^{\frac{3}{2}}}$