Calculus Examples

$\ln (x^{3} \sqrt[5]{x^{2} + 1})$

Step 1

Use $\sqrt[n]{a^{x}} = a^{\frac{x}{n}}$ to rewrite $\sqrt[5]{x^{2} + 1}$ as ${(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}}$ .

$\frac{d}{d x} [\ln (x^{3} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}})]$

Step 2

Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [f (g (x))]$ is $f' (g (x)) g' (x)$ where $f (x) = \ln (x)$ and $g (x) = x^{3} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}}$ .

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Step 2.1

To apply the Chain Rule, set $u_{1}$ as $x^{3} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}}$ .

$\frac{d}{d u_{1}} [\ln (u_{1})] \frac{d}{d x} [x^{3} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}}]$

Step 2.2

The derivative of $\ln (u_{1})$ with respect to $u_{1}$ is $\frac{1}{u_{1}}$ .

$\frac{1}{u_{1}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{3} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}}]$

Step 2.3

Replace all occurrences of $u_{1}$ with $x^{3} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}}$ .

$\frac{1}{x^{3} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{3} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}}]$

Step 3

Differentiate using the Product Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [f (x) g (x)]$ is $f (x) \frac{d}{d x} [g (x)] + g (x) \frac{d}{d x} [f (x)]$ where $f (x) = x^{3}$ and $g (x) = {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}}$ .

$\frac{1}{x^{3} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}}} (x^{3} \frac{d}{d x} [{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}}] + {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{3}])$

Step 4

Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [f (g (x))]$ is $f' (g (x)) g' (x)$ where $f (x) = x^{\frac{1}{5}}$ and $g (x) = x^{2} + 1$ .

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Step 4.1

To apply the Chain Rule, set $u_{2}$ as $x^{2} + 1$ .

$\frac{1}{x^{3} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}}} (x^{3} (\frac{d}{d u_{2}} [{u_{2}}^{\frac{1}{5}}] \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2} + 1]) + {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{3}])$

Step 4.2

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d u_{2}} [{u_{2}}^{n}]$ is $n {u_{2}}^{n - 1}$ where $n = \frac{1}{5}$ .

$\frac{1}{x^{3} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}}} (x^{3} (\frac{1}{5} {u_{2}}^{\frac{1}{5} - 1} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2} + 1]) + {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{3}])$

Step 4.3

Replace all occurrences of $u_{2}$ with $x^{2} + 1$ .

$\frac{1}{x^{3} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}}} (x^{3} (\frac{1}{5} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5} - 1} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2} + 1]) + {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{3}])$

Step 5

To write $- 1$ as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by $\frac{5}{5}$ .

$\frac{1}{x^{3} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}}} (x^{3} (\frac{1}{5} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5} - 1 \cdot \frac{5}{5}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2} + 1]) + {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{3}])$

Step 6

Combine $- 1$ and $\frac{5}{5}$ .

$\frac{1}{x^{3} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}}} (x^{3} (\frac{1}{5} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5} + \frac{- 1 \cdot 5}{5}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2} + 1]) + {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{3}])$

Step 7

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$\frac{1}{x^{3} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}}} (x^{3} (\frac{1}{5} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1 - 1 \cdot 5}{5}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2} + 1]) + {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{3}])$

Step 8

Simplify the numerator.

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Step 8.1

Multiply $- 1$ by $5$ .

$\frac{1}{x^{3} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}}} (x^{3} (\frac{1}{5} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1 - 5}{5}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2} + 1]) + {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{3}])$

Step 8.2

Subtract $5$ from $1$ .

$\frac{1}{x^{3} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}}} (x^{3} (\frac{1}{5} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{- 4}{5}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2} + 1]) + {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{3}])$

Step 9

Combine fractions.

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Step 9.1

Move the negative in front of the fraction.

$\frac{1}{x^{3} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}}} (x^{3} (\frac{1}{5} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{- \frac{4}{5}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2} + 1]) + {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{3}])$

Step 9.2

Combine $\frac{1}{5}$ and ${(x^{2} + 1)}^{- \frac{4}{5}}$ .

$\frac{1}{x^{3} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}}} (x^{3} (\frac{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{- \frac{4}{5}}}{5} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2} + 1]) + {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{3}])$

Step 9.3

Move ${(x^{2} + 1)}^{- \frac{4}{5}}$ to the denominator using the negative exponent rule $b^{- n} = \frac{1}{b^{n}}$ .

$\frac{1}{x^{3} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}}} (x^{3} (\frac{1}{5 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{4}{5}}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2} + 1]) + {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{3}])$

Step 9.4

Combine $\frac{1}{5 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{4}{5}}}$ and $x^{3}$ .

$\frac{1}{x^{3} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}}} (\frac{x^{3}}{5 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{4}{5}}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2} + 1] + {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{3}])$

Step 10

By the Sum Rule, the derivative of $x^{2} + 1$ with respect to $x$ is $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{2}] + \frac{d}{d x} [1]$ .

$\frac{1}{x^{3} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}}} (\frac{x^{3}}{5 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{4}{5}}} (\frac{d}{d x} [x^{2}] + \frac{d}{d x} [1]) + {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{3}])$

Step 11

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ is $n x^{n - 1}$ where $n = 2$ .

$\frac{1}{x^{3} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}}} (\frac{x^{3}}{5 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{4}{5}}} (2 x + \frac{d}{d x} [1]) + {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{3}])$

Step 12

Since $1$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $1$ with respect to $x$ is $0$ .

$\frac{1}{x^{3} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}}} (\frac{x^{3}}{5 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{4}{5}}} (2 x + 0) + {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{3}])$

Step 13

Combine fractions.

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Step 13.1

Add $2 x$ and $0$ .

$\frac{1}{x^{3} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}}} (\frac{x^{3}}{5 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{4}{5}}} (2 x) + {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{3}])$

Step 13.2

Combine $2$ and $\frac{x^{3}}{5 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{4}{5}}}$ .

$\frac{1}{x^{3} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}}} (\frac{2 x^{3}}{5 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{4}{5}}} x + {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{3}])$

Step 13.3

Combine $\frac{2 x^{3}}{5 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{4}{5}}}$ and $x$ .

$\frac{1}{x^{3} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}}} (\frac{2 x^{3} x}{5 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{4}{5}}} + {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{3}])$

Step 14

Raise $x$ to the power of $1$ .

$\frac{1}{x^{3} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}}} (\frac{2 (x^{1} x^{3})}{5 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{4}{5}}} + {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{3}])$

Step 15

Use the power rule $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ to combine exponents.

$\frac{1}{x^{3} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}}} (\frac{2 x^{1 + 3}}{5 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{4}{5}}} + {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{3}])$

Step 16

Add $1$ and $3$ .

$\frac{1}{x^{3} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}}} (\frac{2 x^{4}}{5 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{4}{5}}} + {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{3}])$

Step 17

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ is $n x^{n - 1}$ where $n = 3$ .

$\frac{1}{x^{3} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}}} (\frac{2 x^{4}}{5 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{4}{5}}} + {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}} (3 x^{2}))$

Step 18

Move $3$ to the left of ${(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}}$ .

$\frac{1}{x^{3} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}}} (\frac{2 x^{4}}{5 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{4}{5}}} + 3 \cdot {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}} x^{2})$

Step 19

Combine $\frac{2 x^{4}}{5 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{4}{5}}}$ and $3 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}} x^{2}$ using a common denominator.

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Step 19.1

Move ${(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}}$ .

$\frac{1}{x^{3} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}}} (\frac{2 x^{4}}{5 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{4}{5}}} + 3 x^{2} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}})$

Step 19.2

To write $3 x^{2} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}}$ as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by $\frac{5 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{4}{5}}}{5 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{4}{5}}}$ .

$\frac{1}{x^{3} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}}} (\frac{2 x^{4}}{5 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{4}{5}}} + 3 x^{2} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}} \cdot \frac{5 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{4}{5}}}{5 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{4}{5}}})$

Step 19.3

Combine $3 x^{2} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}}$ and $\frac{5 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{4}{5}}}{5 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{4}{5}}}$ .

$\frac{1}{x^{3} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}}} (\frac{2 x^{4}}{5 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{4}{5}}} + \frac{3 x^{2} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}} (5 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{4}{5}})}{5 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{4}{5}}})$

Step 19.4

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$\frac{1}{x^{3} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}}} \cdot \frac{2 x^{4} + 3 x^{2} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}} (5 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{4}{5}})}{5 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{4}{5}}}$

Step 20

Multiply $5$ by $3$ .

$\frac{1}{x^{3} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}}} \cdot \frac{2 x^{4} + 15 x^{2} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{4}{5}}}{5 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{4}{5}}}$

Step 21

Multiply ${(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}}$ by ${(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{4}{5}}$ by adding the exponents.

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Step 21.1

Move ${(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{4}{5}}$ .

$\frac{1}{x^{3} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}}} \cdot \frac{2 x^{4} + 15 x^{2} ({(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{4}{5}} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}})}{5 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{4}{5}}}$

Step 21.2

Use the power rule $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ to combine exponents.

$\frac{1}{x^{3} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}}} \cdot \frac{2 x^{4} + 15 x^{2} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{4}{5} + \frac{1}{5}}}{5 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{4}{5}}}$

Step 21.3

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$\frac{1}{x^{3} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}}} \cdot \frac{2 x^{4} + 15 x^{2} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{4 + 1}{5}}}{5 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{4}{5}}}$

Step 21.4

Add $4$ and $1$ .

$\frac{1}{x^{3} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}}} \cdot \frac{2 x^{4} + 15 x^{2} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{5}{5}}}{5 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{4}{5}}}$

Step 21.5

Divide $5$ by $5$ .

$\frac{1}{x^{3} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}}} \cdot \frac{2 x^{4} + 15 x^{2} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{1}}{5 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{4}{5}}}$

Step 22

Simplify $15 x^{2} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{1}$ .

$\frac{1}{x^{3} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}}} \cdot \frac{2 x^{4} + 15 x^{2} (x^{2} + 1)}{5 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{4}{5}}}$

Step 23

Multiply $\frac{1}{x^{3} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}}}$ by $\frac{2 x^{4} + 15 x^{2} (x^{2} + 1)}{5 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{4}{5}}}$ .

$\frac{2 x^{4} + 15 x^{2} (x^{2} + 1)}{x^{3} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5}} (5 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{4}{5}})}$

Step 24

Use the power rule $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ to combine exponents.

$\frac{2 x^{4} + 15 x^{2} (x^{2} + 1)}{x^{3} (5 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{5} + \frac{4}{5}})}$

Step 25

Simplify the expression.

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Step 25.1

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$\frac{2 x^{4} + 15 x^{2} (x^{2} + 1)}{x^{3} (5 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1 + 4}{5}})}$

Step 25.2

Add $1$ and $4$ .

$\frac{2 x^{4} + 15 x^{2} (x^{2} + 1)}{x^{3} (5 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{5}{5}})}$

Step 26

Cancel the common factor of $5$ .

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Step 26.1

Cancel the common factor.

$\frac{2 x^{4} + 15 x^{2} (x^{2} + 1)}{x^{3} (5 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{5}{5}})}$

Step 26.2

Rewrite the expression.

$\frac{2 x^{4} + 15 x^{2} (x^{2} + 1)}{x^{3} (5 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{1})}$

Step 27

Simplify.

$\frac{2 x^{4} + 15 x^{2} (x^{2} + 1)}{x^{3} (5 (x^{2} + 1))}$

Step 28

Simplify.

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Step 28.1

Apply the distributive property.

$\frac{2 x^{4} + 15 x^{2} x^{2} + 15 x^{2} \cdot 1}{x^{3} (5 (x^{2} + 1))}$

Step 28.2

Apply the distributive property.

$\frac{2 x^{4} + 15 x^{2} x^{2} + 15 x^{2} \cdot 1}{x^{3} (5 x^{2} + 5 \cdot 1)}$

Step 28.3

Apply the distributive property.

$\frac{2 x^{4} + 15 x^{2} x^{2} + 15 x^{2} \cdot 1}{x^{3} (5 x^{2}) + x^{3} (5 \cdot 1)}$

Step 28.4

Simplify the numerator.

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Step 28.4.1

Simplify each term.

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Step 28.4.1.1

Multiply $x^{2}$ by $x^{2}$ by adding the exponents.

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Step 28.4.1.1.1

Move $x^{2}$ .

$\frac{2 x^{4} + 15 (x^{2} x^{2}) + 15 x^{2} \cdot 1}{x^{3} (5 x^{2}) + x^{3} (5 \cdot 1)}$

Step 28.4.1.1.2

Use the power rule $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ to combine exponents.

$\frac{2 x^{4} + 15 x^{2 + 2} + 15 x^{2} \cdot 1}{x^{3} (5 x^{2}) + x^{3} (5 \cdot 1)}$

Step 28.4.1.1.3

Add $2$ and $2$ .

$\frac{2 x^{4} + 15 x^{4} + 15 x^{2} \cdot 1}{x^{3} (5 x^{2}) + x^{3} (5 \cdot 1)}$

Step 28.4.1.2

Multiply $15$ by $1$ .

$\frac{2 x^{4} + 15 x^{4} + 15 x^{2}}{x^{3} (5 x^{2}) + x^{3} (5 \cdot 1)}$

Step 28.4.2

Add $2 x^{4}$ and $15 x^{4}$ .

$\frac{17 x^{4} + 15 x^{2}}{x^{3} (5 x^{2}) + x^{3} (5 \cdot 1)}$

Step 28.5

Combine terms.

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Step 28.5.1

Multiply $x^{3}$ by $x^{2}$ by adding the exponents.

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Step 28.5.1.1

Move $x^{2}$ .

$\frac{17 x^{4} + 15 x^{2}}{x^{2} x^{3} \cdot 5 + x^{3} (5 \cdot 1)}$

Step 28.5.1.2

Use the power rule $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ to combine exponents.

$\frac{17 x^{4} + 15 x^{2}}{x^{2 + 3} \cdot 5 + x^{3} (5 \cdot 1)}$

Step 28.5.1.3

Add $2$ and $3$ .

$\frac{17 x^{4} + 15 x^{2}}{x^{5} \cdot 5 + x^{3} (5 \cdot 1)}$

Step 28.5.2

Move $5$ to the left of $x^{5}$ .

$\frac{17 x^{4} + 15 x^{2}}{5 \cdot x^{5} + x^{3} (5 \cdot 1)}$

Step 28.5.3

Multiply $5$ by $1$ .

$\frac{17 x^{4} + 15 x^{2}}{5 x^{5} + x^{3} \cdot 5}$

Step 28.5.4

Move $5$ to the left of $x^{3}$ .

$\frac{17 x^{4} + 15 x^{2}}{5 x^{5} + 5 x^{3}}$

Step 28.6

Factor $x^{2}$ out of $17 x^{4} + 15 x^{2}$ .

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Step 28.6.1

Factor $x^{2}$ out of $17 x^{4}$ .

$\frac{x^{2} (17 x^{2}) + 15 x^{2}}{5 x^{5} + 5 x^{3}}$

Step 28.6.2

Factor $x^{2}$ out of $15 x^{2}$ .

$\frac{x^{2} (17 x^{2}) + x^{2} \cdot 15}{5 x^{5} + 5 x^{3}}$

Step 28.6.3

Factor $x^{2}$ out of $x^{2} (17 x^{2}) + x^{2} \cdot 15$ .

$\frac{x^{2} (17 x^{2} + 15)}{5 x^{5} + 5 x^{3}}$

Step 28.7

Factor $5 x^{3}$ out of $5 x^{5} + 5 x^{3}$ .

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Step 28.7.1

Factor $5 x^{3}$ out of $5 x^{5}$ .

$\frac{x^{2} (17 x^{2} + 15)}{5 x^{3} (x^{2}) + 5 x^{3}}$

Step 28.7.2

Factor $5 x^{3}$ out of $5 x^{3}$ .

$\frac{x^{2} (17 x^{2} + 15)}{5 x^{3} (x^{2}) + 5 x^{3} (1)}$

Step 28.7.3

Factor $5 x^{3}$ out of $5 x^{3} (x^{2}) + 5 x^{3} (1)$ .

$\frac{x^{2} (17 x^{2} + 15)}{5 x^{3} (x^{2} + 1)}$

Step 28.8

Cancel the common factors.

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Step 28.8.1

Factor $x^{2}$ out of $5 x^{3} (x^{2} + 1)$ .

$\frac{x^{2} (17 x^{2} + 15)}{x^{2} (5 x (x^{2} + 1))}$

Step 28.8.2

Cancel the common factor.

$\frac{x^{2} (17 x^{2} + 15)}{x^{2} (5 x (x^{2} + 1))}$

Step 28.8.3

Rewrite the expression.

$\frac{17 x^{2} + 15}{5 x (x^{2} + 1)}$