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Calculus Examples
Step 1
Step 1.1
Use to rewrite as .
Step 1.2
Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that is where and .
Step 1.2.1
To apply the Chain Rule, set as .
Step 1.2.2
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 1.2.3
Replace all occurrences of with .
Step 1.3
To write as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by .
Step 1.4
Combine and .
Step 1.5
Combine the numerators over the common denominator.
Step 1.6
Simplify the numerator.
Step 1.6.1
Multiply by .
Step 1.6.2
Subtract from .
Step 1.7
Combine fractions.
Step 1.7.1
Move the negative in front of the fraction.
Step 1.7.2
Combine and .
Step 1.7.3
Move to the denominator using the negative exponent rule .
Step 1.8
By the Sum Rule, the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 1.9
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 1.10
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 1.11
Multiply by .
Step 1.12
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 1.13
Simplify terms.
Step 1.13.1
Add and .
Step 1.13.2
Combine and .
Step 1.13.3
Cancel the common factor.
Step 1.13.4
Rewrite the expression.
Step 2
Step 2.1
Apply basic rules of exponents.
Step 2.1.1
Rewrite as .
Step 2.1.2
Multiply the exponents in .
Step 2.1.2.1
Apply the power rule and multiply exponents, .
Step 2.1.2.2
Combine and .
Step 2.1.2.3
Move the negative in front of the fraction.
Step 2.2
Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that is where and .
Step 2.2.1
To apply the Chain Rule, set as .
Step 2.2.2
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 2.2.3
Replace all occurrences of with .
Step 2.3
To write as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by .
Step 2.4
Combine and .
Step 2.5
Combine the numerators over the common denominator.
Step 2.6
Simplify the numerator.
Step 2.6.1
Multiply by .
Step 2.6.2
Subtract from .
Step 2.7
Combine fractions.
Step 2.7.1
Move the negative in front of the fraction.
Step 2.7.2
Combine and .
Step 2.7.3
Move to the denominator using the negative exponent rule .
Step 2.8
By the Sum Rule, the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 2.9
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 2.10
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 2.11
Multiply by .
Step 2.12
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 2.13
Simplify terms.
Step 2.13.1
Add and .
Step 2.13.2
Multiply by .
Step 2.13.3
Combine and .
Step 2.13.4
Factor out of .
Step 2.14
Cancel the common factors.
Step 2.14.1
Factor out of .
Step 2.14.2
Cancel the common factor.
Step 2.14.3
Rewrite the expression.
Step 2.15
Move the negative in front of the fraction.
Step 3
To find the local maximum and minimum values of the function, set the derivative equal to and solve.
Step 4
Step 4.1
Find the first derivative.
Step 4.1.1
Use to rewrite as .
Step 4.1.2
Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that is where and .
Step 4.1.2.1
To apply the Chain Rule, set as .
Step 4.1.2.2
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 4.1.2.3
Replace all occurrences of with .
Step 4.1.3
To write as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by .
Step 4.1.4
Combine and .
Step 4.1.5
Combine the numerators over the common denominator.
Step 4.1.6
Simplify the numerator.
Step 4.1.6.1
Multiply by .
Step 4.1.6.2
Subtract from .
Step 4.1.7
Combine fractions.
Step 4.1.7.1
Move the negative in front of the fraction.
Step 4.1.7.2
Combine and .
Step 4.1.7.3
Move to the denominator using the negative exponent rule .
Step 4.1.8
By the Sum Rule, the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 4.1.9
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 4.1.10
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 4.1.11
Multiply by .
Step 4.1.12
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 4.1.13
Simplify terms.
Step 4.1.13.1
Add and .
Step 4.1.13.2
Combine and .
Step 4.1.13.3
Cancel the common factor.
Step 4.1.13.4
Rewrite the expression.
Step 4.2
The first derivative of with respect to is .
Step 5
Step 5.1
Set the first derivative equal to .
Step 5.2
Set the numerator equal to zero.
Step 5.3
Since , there are no solutions.
No solution
No solution
Step 6
Step 6.1
Convert expressions with fractional exponents to radicals.
Step 6.1.1
Apply the rule to rewrite the exponentiation as a radical.
Step 6.1.2
Anything raised to is the base itself.
Step 6.2
Set the denominator in equal to to find where the expression is undefined.
Step 6.3
Solve for .
Step 6.3.1
To remove the radical on the left side of the equation, square both sides of the equation.
Step 6.3.2
Simplify each side of the equation.
Step 6.3.2.1
Use to rewrite as .
Step 6.3.2.2
Simplify the left side.
Step 6.3.2.2.1
Simplify .
Step 6.3.2.2.1.1
Multiply the exponents in .
Step 6.3.2.2.1.1.1
Apply the power rule and multiply exponents, .
Step 6.3.2.2.1.1.2
Cancel the common factor of .
Step 6.3.2.2.1.1.2.1
Cancel the common factor.
Step 6.3.2.2.1.1.2.2
Rewrite the expression.
Step 6.3.2.2.1.2
Simplify.
Step 6.3.2.3
Simplify the right side.
Step 6.3.2.3.1
Raising to any positive power yields .
Step 6.3.3
Solve for .
Step 6.3.3.1
Add to both sides of the equation.
Step 6.3.3.2
Divide each term in by and simplify.
Step 6.3.3.2.1
Divide each term in by .
Step 6.3.3.2.2
Simplify the left side.
Step 6.3.3.2.2.1
Cancel the common factor of .
Step 6.3.3.2.2.1.1
Cancel the common factor.
Step 6.3.3.2.2.1.2
Divide by .
Step 6.4
Set the radicand in less than to find where the expression is undefined.
Step 6.5
Solve for .
Step 6.5.1
Add to both sides of the inequality.
Step 6.5.2
Divide each term in by and simplify.
Step 6.5.2.1
Divide each term in by .
Step 6.5.2.2
Simplify the left side.
Step 6.5.2.2.1
Cancel the common factor of .
Step 6.5.2.2.1.1
Cancel the common factor.
Step 6.5.2.2.1.2
Divide by .
Step 6.6
The equation is undefined where the denominator equals , the argument of a square root is less than , or the argument of a logarithm is less than or equal to .
Step 7
Critical points to evaluate.
Step 8
Evaluate the second derivative at . If the second derivative is positive, then this is a local minimum. If it is negative, then this is a local maximum.
Step 9
Step 9.1
Cancel the common factor of .
Step 9.1.1
Cancel the common factor.
Step 9.1.2
Rewrite the expression.
Step 9.2
Simplify the expression.
Step 9.2.1
Subtract from .
Step 9.2.2
Rewrite as .
Step 9.2.3
Apply the power rule and multiply exponents, .
Step 9.3
Cancel the common factor of .
Step 9.3.1
Cancel the common factor.
Step 9.3.2
Rewrite the expression.
Step 9.4
Raising to any positive power yields .
Step 9.5
The expression contains a division by . The expression is undefined.
Undefined
Undefined
Step 10
Since the first derivative test failed, there are no local extrema.
No Local Extrema
Step 11