Calculus Examples

$lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{(2 x + 1) {(4 x - 1)}^{2}}{{(2 x + 3)}^{3}}$

Step 1

Simplify.

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Step 1.1

Apply the distributive property.

$lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{2 x {(4 x - 1)}^{2} + 1 {(4 x - 1)}^{2}}{{(2 x + 3)}^{3}}$

Step 1.2

Multiply ${(4 x - 1)}^{2}$ by $1$ .

$lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{2 x {(4 x - 1)}^{2} + {(4 x - 1)}^{2}}{{(2 x + 3)}^{3}}$

Step 2

Divide the numerator and denominator by the highest power of $x$ in the denominator.

$lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{2 x {(\frac{4 x}{x} - \frac{1}{x})}^{2} + {(\frac{4 x}{x} - \frac{1}{x})}^{2}}{{(\frac{2 x}{x} + \frac{3}{x})}^{3}}$

Step 3

Evaluate the limit.

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Step 3.1

Split the limit using the Limits Quotient Rule on the limit as $x$ approaches $\infty$ .

$\frac{lim_{x \to \infty} 2 x {(\frac{4 x}{x} - \frac{1}{x})}^{2} + {(\frac{4 x}{x} - \frac{1}{x})}^{2}}{lim_{x \to \infty} {(\frac{2 x}{x} + \frac{3}{x})}^{3}}$

Step 3.2

Split the limit using the Sum of Limits Rule on the limit as $x$ approaches $\infty$ .

$\frac{lim_{x \to \infty} 2 x {(\frac{4 x}{x} - \frac{1}{x})}^{2} + lim_{x \to \infty} {(\frac{4 x}{x} - \frac{1}{x})}^{2}}{lim_{x \to \infty} {(\frac{2 x}{x} + \frac{3}{x})}^{3}}$

Step 3.3

Split the limit using the Product of Limits Rule on the limit as $x$ approaches $\infty$ .

$\frac{lim_{x \to \infty} 2 \cdot lim_{x \to \infty} x \cdot lim_{x \to \infty} {(\frac{4 x}{x} - \frac{1}{x})}^{2} + lim_{x \to \infty} {(\frac{4 x}{x} - \frac{1}{x})}^{2}}{lim_{x \to \infty} {(\frac{2 x}{x} + \frac{3}{x})}^{3}}$

Step 3.4

Evaluate the limit of $2$ which is constant as $x$ approaches $\infty$ .

$\frac{2 \cdot lim_{x \to \infty} x \cdot lim_{x \to \infty} {(\frac{4 x}{x} - \frac{1}{x})}^{2} + lim_{x \to \infty} {(\frac{4 x}{x} - \frac{1}{x})}^{2}}{lim_{x \to \infty} {(\frac{2 x}{x} + \frac{3}{x})}^{3}}$

Step 3.5

The limit at infinity of a polynomial whose leading coefficient is positive is infinity.

$\frac{2 \cdot \infty \cdot lim_{x \to \infty} {(\frac{4 x}{x} - \frac{1}{x})}^{2} + lim_{x \to \infty} {(\frac{4 x}{x} - \frac{1}{x})}^{2}}{lim_{x \to \infty} {(\frac{2 x}{x} + \frac{3}{x})}^{3}}$

Step 3.6

Move the exponent $2$ from ${(\frac{4 x}{x} - \frac{1}{x})}^{2}$ outside the limit using the Limits Power Rule.

$\frac{2 \cdot \infty \cdot {(lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{4 x}{x} - \frac{1}{x})}^{2} + lim_{x \to \infty} {(\frac{4 x}{x} - \frac{1}{x})}^{2}}{lim_{x \to \infty} {(\frac{2 x}{x} + \frac{3}{x})}^{3}}$

Step 3.7

Split the limit using the Sum of Limits Rule on the limit as $x$ approaches $\infty$ .

$\frac{2 \cdot \infty \cdot {(lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{4 x}{x} - lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{1}{x})}^{2} + lim_{x \to \infty} {(\frac{4 x}{x} - \frac{1}{x})}^{2}}{lim_{x \to \infty} {(\frac{2 x}{x} + \frac{3}{x})}^{3}}$

Step 3.8

Move the term $4$ outside of the limit because it is constant with respect to $x$ .

$\frac{2 \cdot \infty \cdot {(4 lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{x}{x} - lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{1}{x})}^{2} + lim_{x \to \infty} {(\frac{4 x}{x} - \frac{1}{x})}^{2}}{lim_{x \to \infty} {(\frac{2 x}{x} + \frac{3}{x})}^{3}}$

Step 3.9

Cancel the common factor of $x$ .

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Step 3.9.1

Cancel the common factor.

Step 3.9.2

Rewrite the expression.

$\frac{2 \cdot \infty \cdot {(4 lim_{x \to \infty} 1 - lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{1}{x})}^{2} + lim_{x \to \infty} {(\frac{4 x}{x} - \frac{1}{x})}^{2}}{lim_{x \to \infty} {(\frac{2 x}{x} + \frac{3}{x})}^{3}}$

Step 3.10

Evaluate the limit of $1$ which is constant as $x$ approaches $\infty$ .

$\frac{2 \cdot \infty \cdot {(4 \cdot 1 - lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{1}{x})}^{2} + lim_{x \to \infty} {(\frac{4 x}{x} - \frac{1}{x})}^{2}}{lim_{x \to \infty} {(\frac{2 x}{x} + \frac{3}{x})}^{3}}$

Step 4

Since its numerator approaches a real number while its denominator is unbounded, the fraction $\frac{1}{x}$ approaches $0$ .

$\frac{2 \cdot \infty \cdot {(4 \cdot 1 - 0)}^{2} + lim_{x \to \infty} {(\frac{4 x}{x} - \frac{1}{x})}^{2}}{lim_{x \to \infty} {(\frac{2 x}{x} + \frac{3}{x})}^{3}}$

Step 5

Evaluate the limit.

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Step 5.1

Move the exponent $2$ from ${(\frac{4 x}{x} - \frac{1}{x})}^{2}$ outside the limit using the Limits Power Rule.

$\frac{2 \cdot \infty \cdot {(4 \cdot 1 - 0)}^{2} + {(lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{4 x}{x} - \frac{1}{x})}^{2}}{lim_{x \to \infty} {(\frac{2 x}{x} + \frac{3}{x})}^{3}}$

Step 5.2

Split the limit using the Sum of Limits Rule on the limit as $x$ approaches $\infty$ .

$\frac{2 \cdot \infty \cdot {(4 \cdot 1 - 0)}^{2} + {(lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{4 x}{x} - lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{1}{x})}^{2}}{lim_{x \to \infty} {(\frac{2 x}{x} + \frac{3}{x})}^{3}}$

Step 5.3

Move the term $4$ outside of the limit because it is constant with respect to $x$ .

$\frac{2 \cdot \infty \cdot {(4 \cdot 1 - 0)}^{2} + {(4 lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{x}{x} - lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{1}{x})}^{2}}{lim_{x \to \infty} {(\frac{2 x}{x} + \frac{3}{x})}^{3}}$

Step 5.4

Cancel the common factor of $x$ .

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Step 5.4.1

Cancel the common factor.

$\frac{2 \cdot \infty \cdot {(4 \cdot 1 - 0)}^{2} + {(4 lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{x}{x} - lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{1}{x})}^{2}}{lim_{x \to \infty} {(\frac{2 x}{x} + \frac{3}{x})}^{3}}$

Step 5.4.2

Rewrite the expression.

$\frac{2 \cdot \infty \cdot {(4 \cdot 1 - 0)}^{2} + {(4 lim_{x \to \infty} 1 - lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{1}{x})}^{2}}{lim_{x \to \infty} {(\frac{2 x}{x} + \frac{3}{x})}^{3}}$

Step 5.5

Evaluate the limit of $1$ which is constant as $x$ approaches $\infty$ .

$\frac{2 \cdot \infty \cdot {(4 \cdot 1 - 0)}^{2} + {(4 \cdot 1 - lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{1}{x})}^{2}}{lim_{x \to \infty} {(\frac{2 x}{x} + \frac{3}{x})}^{3}}$

Step 6

Since its numerator approaches a real number while its denominator is unbounded, the fraction $\frac{1}{x}$ approaches $0$ .

$\frac{2 \cdot \infty \cdot {(4 \cdot 1 - 0)}^{2} + {(4 \cdot 1 - 0)}^{2}}{lim_{x \to \infty} {(\frac{2 x}{x} + \frac{3}{x})}^{3}}$

Step 7

Evaluate the limit.

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Step 7.1

Move the exponent $3$ from ${(\frac{2 x}{x} + \frac{3}{x})}^{3}$ outside the limit using the Limits Power Rule.

$\frac{2 \cdot \infty \cdot {(4 \cdot 1 - 0)}^{2} + {(4 \cdot 1 - 0)}^{2}}{{(lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{2 x}{x} + \frac{3}{x})}^{3}}$

Step 7.2

Split the limit using the Sum of Limits Rule on the limit as $x$ approaches $\infty$ .

$\frac{2 \cdot \infty \cdot {(4 \cdot 1 - 0)}^{2} + {(4 \cdot 1 - 0)}^{2}}{{(lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{2 x}{x} + lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{3}{x})}^{3}}$

Step 7.3

Move the term $2$ outside of the limit because it is constant with respect to $x$ .

$\frac{2 \cdot \infty \cdot {(4 \cdot 1 - 0)}^{2} + {(4 \cdot 1 - 0)}^{2}}{{(2 lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{x}{x} + lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{3}{x})}^{3}}$

Step 7.4

Cancel the common factor of $x$ .

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Step 7.4.1

Cancel the common factor.

$\frac{2 \cdot \infty \cdot {(4 \cdot 1 - 0)}^{2} + {(4 \cdot 1 - 0)}^{2}}{{(2 lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{x}{x} + lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{3}{x})}^{3}}$

Step 7.4.2

Rewrite the expression.

$\frac{2 \cdot \infty \cdot {(4 \cdot 1 - 0)}^{2} + {(4 \cdot 1 - 0)}^{2}}{{(2 lim_{x \to \infty} 1 + lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{3}{x})}^{3}}$

Step 7.5

Evaluate the limit of $1$ which is constant as $x$ approaches $\infty$ .

$\frac{2 \cdot \infty \cdot {(4 \cdot 1 - 0)}^{2} + {(4 \cdot 1 - 0)}^{2}}{{(2 \cdot 1 + lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{3}{x})}^{3}}$

Step 7.6

Move the term $3$ outside of the limit because it is constant with respect to $x$ .

$\frac{2 \cdot \infty \cdot {(4 \cdot 1 - 0)}^{2} + {(4 \cdot 1 - 0)}^{2}}{{(2 \cdot 1 + 3 lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{1}{x})}^{3}}$

Step 8

Since its numerator approaches a real number while its denominator is unbounded, the fraction $\frac{1}{x}$ approaches $0$ .

$\frac{2 \cdot \infty \cdot {(4 \cdot 1 - 0)}^{2} + {(4 \cdot 1 - 0)}^{2}}{{(2 \cdot 1 + 3 \cdot 0)}^{3}}$

Step 9

Simplify the answer.

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Step 9.1

Simplify the numerator.

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Step 9.1.1

A non-zero constant times infinity is infinity.

$\frac{\infty \cdot {(4 \cdot 1 - 0)}^{2} + {(4 \cdot 1 - 0)}^{2}}{{(2 \cdot 1 + 3 \cdot 0)}^{3}}$

Step 9.1.2

Multiply $4$ by $1$ .

$\frac{\infty \cdot {(4 - 0)}^{2} + {(4 \cdot 1 - 0)}^{2}}{{(2 \cdot 1 + 3 \cdot 0)}^{3}}$

Step 9.1.3

Subtract $0$ from $4$ .

$\frac{\infty \cdot 4^{2} + {(4 \cdot 1 - 0)}^{2}}{{(2 \cdot 1 + 3 \cdot 0)}^{3}}$

Step 9.1.4

Raise $4$ to the power of $2$ .

$\frac{\infty \cdot 16 + {(4 \cdot 1 - 0)}^{2}}{{(2 \cdot 1 + 3 \cdot 0)}^{3}}$

Step 9.1.5

A non-zero constant times infinity is infinity.

$\frac{\infty + {(4 \cdot 1 - 0)}^{2}}{{(2 \cdot 1 + 3 \cdot 0)}^{3}}$

Step 9.1.6

Multiply $4$ by $1$ .

$\frac{\infty + {(4 - 0)}^{2}}{{(2 \cdot 1 + 3 \cdot 0)}^{3}}$

Step 9.1.7

Subtract $0$ from $4$ .

$\frac{\infty + 4^{2}}{{(2 \cdot 1 + 3 \cdot 0)}^{3}}$

Step 9.1.8

Raise $4$ to the power of $2$ .

$\frac{\infty + 16}{{(2 \cdot 1 + 3 \cdot 0)}^{3}}$

Step 9.1.9

Infinity plus or minus a number is infinity.

$\frac{\infty}{{(2 \cdot 1 + 3 \cdot 0)}^{3}}$

Step 9.2

Simplify the denominator.

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Step 9.2.1

Multiply $2$ by $1$ .

$\frac{\infty}{{(2 + 3 \cdot 0)}^{3}}$

Step 9.2.2

Multiply $3$ by $0$ .

$\frac{\infty}{{(2 + 0)}^{3}}$

Step 9.2.3

Add $2$ and $0$ .

$\frac{\infty}{2^{3}}$

Step 9.2.4

Raise $2$ to the power of $3$ .

$\frac{\infty}{8}$

Step 9.3

Infinity divided by anything that is finite and non-zero is infinity.

$\infty$