Calculus Examples

$y = x e^{x^{2}}$ , $y = - 2 x$ , $x = 1$ , $x = 0$

Step 1

To find the volume of the solid, first define the area of each slice then integrate across the range. The area of each slice is the area of a circle with radius $f (x)$ and $A = π r^{2}$ .

$V = π \int_{0}^{1} {(f (x))}^{2} - {(g (x))}^{2} d x$ where $f (x) = x e^{x^{2}}$ and $g (x) = - 2 x$

Step 2

Simplify each term.

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Step 2.1

Apply the product rule to $x e^{x^{2}}$ .

$V = x^{2} {(e^{x^{2}})}^{2} - {(- 2 x)}^{2}$

Step 2.2

Multiply the exponents in ${(e^{x^{2}})}^{2}$ .

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Step 2.2.1

Apply the power rule and multiply exponents, ${(a^{m})}^{n} = a^{m n}$ .

$V = x^{2} e^{x^{2} \cdot 2} - {(- 2 x)}^{2}$

Step 2.2.2

Move $2$ to the left of $x^{2}$ .

$V = x^{2} e^{2 x^{2}} - {(- 2 x)}^{2}$

Step 2.3

Apply the product rule to $- 2 x$ .

$V = x^{2} e^{2 x^{2}} - ({(- 2)}^{2} x^{2})$

Step 2.4

Raise $- 2$ to the power of $2$ .

$V = x^{2} e^{2 x^{2}} - (4 x^{2})$

Step 2.5

Multiply $4$ by $- 1$ .

$V = x^{2} e^{2 x^{2}} - 4 x^{2}$

Step 3

Split the single integral into multiple integrals.

$V = π (\int_{0}^{1} x^{2} e^{2 x^{2}} d x + \int_{0}^{1} - 4 x^{2} d x)$

Step 4

Let $u_{1} = 2 x^{2}$ . Then $d u_{1} = 4 x d x$ , so $\frac{1}{4} d u_{1} = x d x$ . Rewrite using $u_{1}$ and $d$ $u_{1}$ .

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Step 4.1

Let $u_{1} = 2 x^{2}$ . Find $\frac{d u_{1}}{d x}$ .

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Step 4.1.1

Differentiate $2 x^{2}$ .

$\frac{d}{d x} [2 x^{2}]$

Step 4.1.2

Since $2$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $2 x^{2}$ with respect to $x$ is $2 \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2}]$ .

$2 \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2}]$

Step 4.1.3

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ is $n x^{n - 1}$ where $n = 2$ .

$2 (2 x)$

Step 4.1.4

Multiply $2$ by $2$ .

$4 x$

Step 4.2

Substitute the lower limit in for $x$ in $u_{1} = 2 x^{2}$ .

$u_{lower} = 2 \cdot 0^{2}$

Step 4.3

Simplify.

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Step 4.3.1

Raising $0$ to any positive power yields $0$ .

$u_{lower} = 2 \cdot 0$

Step 4.3.2

Multiply $2$ by $0$ .

$u_{lower} = 0$

Step 4.4

Substitute the upper limit in for $x$ in $u_{1} = 2 x^{2}$ .

$u_{upper} = 2 \cdot 1^{2}$

Step 4.5

Simplify.

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Step 4.5.1

One to any power is one.

$u_{upper} = 2 \cdot 1$

Step 4.5.2

Multiply $2$ by $1$ .

$u_{upper} = 2$

Step 4.6

The values found for $u_{lower}$ and $u_{upper}$ will be used to evaluate the definite integral.

$u_{lower} = 0$

$u_{upper} = 2$

Step 4.7

Rewrite the problem using $u_{1}$ , $d u_{1}$ , and the new limits of integration.

$V = π (\int_{0}^{2} \frac{\sqrt{2 u_{1}}}{2} \cdot (e^{u_{1}} (\frac{1}{4})) d u_{1} + \int_{0}^{1} - 4 x^{2} d x)$

Step 5

Simplify.

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Step 5.1

Combine $\frac{\sqrt{2 u_{1}}}{2}$ and $e^{u_{1}}$ .

$V = π (\int_{0}^{2} \frac{\sqrt{2 u_{1}} e^{u_{1}}}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{4} d u_{1} + \int_{0}^{1} - 4 x^{2} d x)$

Step 5.2

Multiply $\frac{\sqrt{2 u_{1}} e^{u_{1}}}{2}$ by $\frac{1}{4}$ .

$V = π (\int_{0}^{2} \frac{\sqrt{2 u_{1}} e^{u_{1}}}{2 \cdot 4} d u_{1} + \int_{0}^{1} - 4 x^{2} d x)$

Step 5.3

Multiply $2$ by $4$ .

$V = π (\int_{0}^{2} \frac{\sqrt{2 u_{1}} e^{u_{1}}}{8} d u_{1} + \int_{0}^{1} - 4 x^{2} d x)$

Step 6

Since $\frac{1}{8}$ is constant with respect to $u_{1}$ , move $\frac{1}{8}$ out of the integral.

$V = π (\frac{1}{8} \cdot \int_{0}^{2} \sqrt{2 u_{1}} e^{u_{1}} d u_{1} + \int_{0}^{1} - 4 x^{2} d x)$

Step 7

Integrate by parts using the formula $\int u d v = u v - \int v d u$ , where $u = e^{u_{1}}$ and $d v = \sqrt{2 u_{1}}$ .

Step 8

Simplify.

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Step 8.1

Multiply $\frac{1}{2}$ by $\frac{2}{3}$ .

Step 8.2

Multiply $2$ by $3$ .

Step 8.3

Cancel the common factor of $2$ and $6$ .

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Step 8.3.1

Factor $2$ out of $2$ .

Step 8.3.2

Cancel the common factors.

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Step 8.3.2.1

Factor $2$ out of $6$ .

Step 8.3.2.2

Cancel the common factor.

Step 8.3.2.3

Rewrite the expression.

Step 8.4

Combine $\frac{1}{3}$ and ${u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}}$ .

Step 8.5

Combine $e^{u_{1}}$ and $\frac{{u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3}$ .

Step 8.6

Multiply $\frac{1}{2}$ by $\frac{2}{3}$ .

Step 8.7

Multiply $2$ by $3$ .

Step 8.8

Cancel the common factor of $2$ and $6$ .

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Step 8.8.1

Factor $2$ out of $2$ .

Step 8.8.2

Cancel the common factors.

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Step 8.8.2.1

Factor $2$ out of $6$ .

Step 8.8.2.2

Cancel the common factor.

Step 8.8.2.3

Rewrite the expression.

Step 8.9

Combine $\frac{1}{3}$ and ${u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}}$ .

Step 8.10

Combine $\frac{{u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3}$ and $e^{u_{1}}$ .

Step 9

Since $\frac{{u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3}$ is constant with respect to $u_{1}$ , move $\frac{{u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3}$ out of the integral.

Step 10

The integral of $e^{u_{1}}$ with respect to $u_{1}$ is $e^{u_{1}}$ .

Step 11

Combine $e^{u_{1}}]_{0}^{2}$ and $\frac{{u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3}$ .

Step 12

Since $- 4$ is constant with respect to $x$ , move $- 4$ out of the integral.

Step 13

By the Power Rule, the integral of $x^{2}$ with respect to $x$ is $\frac{1}{3} x^{3}$ .

Step 14

Combine $\frac{1}{3}$ and $x^{3}$ .

Step 15

Substitute and simplify.

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Step 15.1

Evaluate $\frac{e^{u_{1}} {u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3}$ at $2$ and at $0$ .

Step 15.2

Evaluate $e^{u_{1}}$ at $2$ and at $0$ .

$V = π (\frac{1}{8} \cdot ((\frac{e^{2} {u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3}) - \frac{e^{0} {u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3} - \frac{((e^{2}) - e^{0}) {u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3}) - 4 (\frac{x^{3}}{3}]_{0}^{1}))$

Step 15.3

Evaluate $\frac{x^{3}}{3}$ at $1$ and at $0$ .

$V = π (\frac{1}{8} \cdot ((\frac{e^{2} {u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3}) - \frac{e^{0} {u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3} - \frac{((e^{2}) - e^{0}) {u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3}) - 4 ((\frac{1^{3}}{3}) - \frac{0^{3}}{3}))$

Step 15.4

Simplify.

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Step 15.4.1

Anything raised to $0$ is $1$ .

$V = π (\frac{1}{8} \cdot (\frac{e^{2} {u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3} - \frac{1 {u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3} - \frac{((e^{2}) - e^{0}) {u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3}) - 4 ((\frac{1^{3}}{3}) - \frac{0^{3}}{3}))$

Step 15.4.2

Multiply ${u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}}$ by $1$ .

$V = π (\frac{1}{8} \cdot (\frac{e^{2} {u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3} - \frac{{u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3} - \frac{((e^{2}) - e^{0}) {u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3}) - 4 ((\frac{1^{3}}{3}) - \frac{0^{3}}{3}))$

Step 15.4.3

Anything raised to $0$ is $1$ .

$V = π (\frac{1}{8} \cdot (\frac{e^{2} {u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3} - \frac{{u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3} - \frac{(e^{2} - 1 \cdot 1) {u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3}) - 4 ((\frac{1^{3}}{3}) - \frac{0^{3}}{3}))$

Step 15.4.4

Multiply $- 1$ by $1$ .

$V = π (\frac{1}{8} \cdot (\frac{e^{2} {u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3} - \frac{{u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3} - \frac{(e^{2} - 1) {u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3}) - 4 ((\frac{1^{3}}{3}) - \frac{0^{3}}{3}))$

Step 15.4.5

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$V = π (\frac{1}{8} \cdot (\frac{e^{2} {u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}} - (e^{2} - 1) {u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3} - \frac{{u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3}) - 4 ((\frac{1^{3}}{3}) - \frac{0^{3}}{3}))$

Step 15.4.6

One to any power is one.

$V = π (\frac{1}{8} \cdot (\frac{e^{2} {u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}} - (e^{2} - 1) {u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3} - \frac{{u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3}) - 4 (\frac{1}{3} - \frac{0^{3}}{3}))$

Step 15.4.7

Raising $0$ to any positive power yields $0$ .

$V = π (\frac{1}{8} \cdot (\frac{e^{2} {u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}} - (e^{2} - 1) {u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3} - \frac{{u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3}) - 4 (\frac{1}{3} - \frac{0}{3}))$

Step 15.4.8

Cancel the common factor of $0$ and $3$ .

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Step 15.4.8.1

Factor $3$ out of $0$ .

$V = π (\frac{1}{8} \cdot (\frac{e^{2} {u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}} - (e^{2} - 1) {u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3} - \frac{{u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3}) - 4 (\frac{1}{3} - \frac{3 (0)}{3}))$

Step 15.4.8.2

Cancel the common factors.

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Step 15.4.8.2.1

Factor $3$ out of $3$ .

$V = π (\frac{1}{8} \cdot (\frac{e^{2} {u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}} - (e^{2} - 1) {u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3} - \frac{{u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3}) - 4 (\frac{1}{3} - \frac{3 \cdot 0}{3 \cdot 1}))$

Step 15.4.8.2.2

Cancel the common factor.

$V = π (\frac{1}{8} \cdot (\frac{e^{2} {u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}} - (e^{2} - 1) {u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3} - \frac{{u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3}) - 4 (\frac{1}{3} - \frac{3 \cdot 0}{3 \cdot 1}))$

Step 15.4.8.2.3

Rewrite the expression.

$V = π (\frac{1}{8} \cdot (\frac{e^{2} {u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}} - (e^{2} - 1) {u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3} - \frac{{u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3}) - 4 (\frac{1}{3} - \frac{0}{1}))$

Step 15.4.8.2.4

Divide $0$ by $1$ .

$V = π (\frac{1}{8} \cdot (\frac{e^{2} {u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}} - (e^{2} - 1) {u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3} - \frac{{u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3}) - 4 (\frac{1}{3} - 0))$

Step 15.4.9

Multiply $- 1$ by $0$ .

$V = π (\frac{1}{8} \cdot (\frac{e^{2} {u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}} - (e^{2} - 1) {u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3} - \frac{{u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3}) - 4 (\frac{1}{3} + 0))$

Step 15.4.10

Add $\frac{1}{3}$ and $0$ .

$V = π (\frac{1}{8} \cdot (\frac{e^{2} {u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}} - (e^{2} - 1) {u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3} - \frac{{u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3}) - 4 (\frac{1}{3}))$

Step 15.4.11

Combine $- 4$ and $\frac{1}{3}$ .

$V = π (\frac{1}{8} \cdot (\frac{e^{2} {u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}} - (e^{2} - 1) {u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3} - \frac{{u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3}) + \frac{- 4}{3})$

Step 15.4.12

Move the negative in front of the fraction.

$V = π (\frac{1}{8} \cdot (\frac{e^{2} {u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}} - (e^{2} - 1) {u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3} - \frac{{u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3}) - \frac{4}{3})$

Step 15.4.13

To write $\frac{1}{8} (\frac{e^{2} {u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}} - (e^{2} - 1) {u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3} - \frac{{u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3})$ as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by $\frac{3}{3}$ .

$V = π (\frac{1}{8} \cdot (\frac{e^{2} {u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}} - (e^{2} - 1) {u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3} - \frac{{u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3}) \cdot \frac{3}{3} - \frac{4}{3})$

Step 15.4.14

Combine $\frac{1}{8} (\frac{e^{2} {u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}} - (e^{2} - 1) {u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3} - \frac{{u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3})$ and $\frac{3}{3}$ .

$V = π (\frac{\frac{1}{8} \cdot (\frac{e^{2} {u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}} - (e^{2} - 1) {u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3} - \frac{{u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3}) \cdot 3}{3} - \frac{4}{3})$

Step 15.4.15

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$V = π (\frac{\frac{1}{8} \cdot (\frac{e^{2} {u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}} - (e^{2} - 1) {u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3} - \frac{{u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3}) \cdot 3 - 4}{3})$

Step 15.4.16

Combine $3$ and $\frac{1}{8}$ .

$V = π (\frac{\frac{3}{8} \cdot (\frac{e^{2} {u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}} - (e^{2} - 1) {u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3} - \frac{{u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3}) - 4}{3})$

Step 15.4.17

Combine $π$ and $\frac{\frac{3}{8} (\frac{e^{2} {u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}} - (e^{2} - 1) {u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3} - \frac{{u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3}) - 4}{3}$ .

$V = \frac{π (\frac{3}{8} \cdot (\frac{e^{2} {u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}} - (e^{2} - 1) {u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3} - \frac{{u_{2}}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3}) - 4)}{3}$

Step 16

Substitute back in for each integration substitution variable.

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Step 16.1

Replace all occurrences of $u_{2}$ with $2 u_{1}$ .

$V = \frac{π (\frac{3}{8} \cdot (\frac{e^{2} {(2 u_{1})}^{\frac{3}{2}} - (e^{2} - 1) {(2 u_{1})}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3} - \frac{{(2 u_{1})}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3}) - 4)}{3}$

Step 16.2

Replace all occurrences of $u_{1}$ with $2 x^{2}$ .

$V = \frac{π (\frac{3}{8} \cdot (\frac{e^{2} {(2 (2 x^{2}))}^{\frac{3}{2}} - (e^{2} - 1) {(2 (2 x^{2}))}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3} - \frac{{(2 (2 x^{2}))}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3}) - 4)}{3}$

Step 17

Simplify.

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Step 17.1

Apply the distributive property.

$V = \frac{π (\frac{3}{8} \cdot (\frac{e^{2} {(2 (2 x^{2}))}^{\frac{3}{2}} + (- e^{2} + 1) {(2 (2 x^{2}))}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3} - \frac{{(2 (2 x^{2}))}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3}) - 4)}{3}$

Step 17.2

Multiply $- 1$ by $- 1$ .

$V = \frac{π (\frac{3}{8} \cdot (\frac{e^{2} {(2 (2 x^{2}))}^{\frac{3}{2}} + (- e^{2} + 1) {(2 (2 x^{2}))}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3} - \frac{{(2 (2 x^{2}))}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3}) - 4)}{3}$

Step 17.3

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$V = \frac{π (\frac{3}{8} \cdot \frac{e^{2} {(2 (2 x^{2}))}^{\frac{3}{2}} + (- e^{2} + 1) {(2 (2 x^{2}))}^{\frac{3}{2}} - {(2 (2 x^{2}))}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3} - 4)}{3}$

Step 17.4

Simplify each term.

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Step 17.4.1

Multiply $2$ by $2$ .

$V = \frac{π (\frac{3}{8} \cdot \frac{e^{2} {(4 x^{2})}^{\frac{3}{2}} + (- e^{2} + 1) {(2 (2 x^{2}))}^{\frac{3}{2}} - {(2 (2 x^{2}))}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3} - 4)}{3}$

Step 17.4.2

Apply the product rule to $4 x^{2}$ .

$V = \frac{π (\frac{3}{8} \cdot \frac{e^{2} (4^{\frac{3}{2}} {(x^{2})}^{\frac{3}{2}}) + (- e^{2} + 1) {(2 (2 x^{2}))}^{\frac{3}{2}} - {(2 (2 x^{2}))}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3} - 4)}{3}$

Step 17.4.3

Rewrite $4$ as $2^{2}$ .

$V = \frac{π (\frac{3}{8} \cdot \frac{e^{2} ({(2^{2})}^{\frac{3}{2}} {(x^{2})}^{\frac{3}{2}}) + (- e^{2} + 1) {(2 (2 x^{2}))}^{\frac{3}{2}} - {(2 (2 x^{2}))}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3} - 4)}{3}$

Step 17.4.4

Apply the power rule and multiply exponents, ${(a^{m})}^{n} = a^{m n}$ .

$V = \frac{π (\frac{3}{8} \cdot \frac{e^{2} (2^{2 (\frac{3}{2})} {(x^{2})}^{\frac{3}{2}}) + (- e^{2} + 1) {(2 (2 x^{2}))}^{\frac{3}{2}} - {(2 (2 x^{2}))}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3} - 4)}{3}$

Step 17.4.5

Cancel the common factor of $2$ .

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Step 17.4.5.1

Cancel the common factor.

$V = \frac{π (\frac{3}{8} \cdot \frac{e^{2} (2^{2 (\frac{3}{2})} {(x^{2})}^{\frac{3}{2}}) + (- e^{2} + 1) {(2 (2 x^{2}))}^{\frac{3}{2}} - {(2 (2 x^{2}))}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3} - 4)}{3}$

Step 17.4.5.2

Rewrite the expression.

$V = \frac{π (\frac{3}{8} \cdot \frac{e^{2} (2^{3} {(x^{2})}^{\frac{3}{2}}) + (- e^{2} + 1) {(2 (2 x^{2}))}^{\frac{3}{2}} - {(2 (2 x^{2}))}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3} - 4)}{3}$

Step 17.4.6

Raise $2$ to the power of $3$ .

$V = \frac{π (\frac{3}{8} \cdot \frac{e^{2} (8 {(x^{2})}^{\frac{3}{2}}) + (- e^{2} + 1) {(2 (2 x^{2}))}^{\frac{3}{2}} - {(2 (2 x^{2}))}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3} - 4)}{3}$

Step 17.4.7

Multiply the exponents in ${(x^{2})}^{\frac{3}{2}}$ .

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Step 17.4.7.1

Apply the power rule and multiply exponents, ${(a^{m})}^{n} = a^{m n}$ .

$V = \frac{π (\frac{3}{8} \cdot \frac{e^{2} (8 x^{2 (\frac{3}{2})}) + (- e^{2} + 1) {(2 (2 x^{2}))}^{\frac{3}{2}} - {(2 (2 x^{2}))}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3} - 4)}{3}$

Step 17.4.7.2

Cancel the common factor of $2$ .

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Step 17.4.7.2.1

Cancel the common factor.

$V = \frac{π (\frac{3}{8} \cdot \frac{e^{2} (8 x^{2 (\frac{3}{2})}) + (- e^{2} + 1) {(2 (2 x^{2}))}^{\frac{3}{2}} - {(2 (2 x^{2}))}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3} - 4)}{3}$

Step 17.4.7.2.2

Rewrite the expression.

$V = \frac{π (\frac{3}{8} \cdot \frac{e^{2} (8 x^{3}) + (- e^{2} + 1) {(2 (2 x^{2}))}^{\frac{3}{2}} - {(2 (2 x^{2}))}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3} - 4)}{3}$

Step 17.4.8

Move $8$ to the left of $e^{2}$ .

$V = \frac{π (\frac{3}{8} \cdot \frac{8 \cdot (e^{2} x^{3}) + (- e^{2} + 1) {(2 (2 x^{2}))}^{\frac{3}{2}} - {(2 (2 x^{2}))}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3} - 4)}{3}$

Step 17.4.9

Multiply $2$ by $2$ .

$V = \frac{π (\frac{3}{8} \cdot \frac{8 e^{2} x^{3} + (- e^{2} + 1) {(4 x^{2})}^{\frac{3}{2}} - {(2 (2 x^{2}))}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3} - 4)}{3}$

Step 17.4.10

Apply the product rule to $4 x^{2}$ .

$V = \frac{π (\frac{3}{8} \cdot \frac{8 e^{2} x^{3} + (- e^{2} + 1) (4^{\frac{3}{2}} {(x^{2})}^{\frac{3}{2}}) - {(2 (2 x^{2}))}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3} - 4)}{3}$

Step 17.4.11

Rewrite $4$ as $2^{2}$ .

$V = \frac{π (\frac{3}{8} \cdot \frac{8 e^{2} x^{3} + (- e^{2} + 1) ({(2^{2})}^{\frac{3}{2}} {(x^{2})}^{\frac{3}{2}}) - {(2 (2 x^{2}))}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3} - 4)}{3}$

Step 17.4.12

Apply the power rule and multiply exponents, ${(a^{m})}^{n} = a^{m n}$ .

$V = \frac{π (\frac{3}{8} \cdot \frac{8 e^{2} x^{3} + (- e^{2} + 1) (2^{2 (\frac{3}{2})} {(x^{2})}^{\frac{3}{2}}) - {(2 (2 x^{2}))}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3} - 4)}{3}$

Step 17.4.13

Cancel the common factor of $2$ .

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Step 17.4.13.1

Cancel the common factor.

$V = \frac{π (\frac{3}{8} \cdot \frac{8 e^{2} x^{3} + (- e^{2} + 1) (2^{2 (\frac{3}{2})} {(x^{2})}^{\frac{3}{2}}) - {(2 (2 x^{2}))}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3} - 4)}{3}$

Step 17.4.13.2

Rewrite the expression.

$V = \frac{π (\frac{3}{8} \cdot \frac{8 e^{2} x^{3} + (- e^{2} + 1) (2^{3} {(x^{2})}^{\frac{3}{2}}) - {(2 (2 x^{2}))}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3} - 4)}{3}$

Step 17.4.14

Raise $2$ to the power of $3$ .

$V = \frac{π (\frac{3}{8} \cdot \frac{8 e^{2} x^{3} + (- e^{2} + 1) (8 {(x^{2})}^{\frac{3}{2}}) - {(2 (2 x^{2}))}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3} - 4)}{3}$

Step 17.4.15

Multiply the exponents in ${(x^{2})}^{\frac{3}{2}}$ .

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Step 17.4.15.1

Apply the power rule and multiply exponents, ${(a^{m})}^{n} = a^{m n}$ .

$V = \frac{π (\frac{3}{8} \cdot \frac{8 e^{2} x^{3} + (- e^{2} + 1) (8 x^{2 (\frac{3}{2})}) - {(2 (2 x^{2}))}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3} - 4)}{3}$

Step 17.4.15.2

Cancel the common factor of $2$ .

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Step 17.4.15.2.1

Cancel the common factor.

$V = \frac{π (\frac{3}{8} \cdot \frac{8 e^{2} x^{3} + (- e^{2} + 1) (8 x^{2 (\frac{3}{2})}) - {(2 (2 x^{2}))}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3} - 4)}{3}$

Step 17.4.15.2.2

Rewrite the expression.

$V = \frac{π (\frac{3}{8} \cdot \frac{8 e^{2} x^{3} + (- e^{2} + 1) (8 x^{3}) - {(2 (2 x^{2}))}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3} - 4)}{3}$

Step 17.4.16

Apply the distributive property.

$V = \frac{π (\frac{3}{8} \cdot \frac{8 e^{2} x^{3} - e^{2} (8 x^{3}) + 1 (8 x^{3}) - {(2 (2 x^{2}))}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3} - 4)}{3}$

Step 17.4.17

Multiply $8$ by $- 1$ .

$V = \frac{π (\frac{3}{8} \cdot \frac{8 e^{2} x^{3} - 8 e^{2} x^{3} + 1 (8 x^{3}) - {(2 (2 x^{2}))}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3} - 4)}{3}$

Step 17.4.18

Multiply $8 x^{3}$ by $1$ .

$V = \frac{π (\frac{3}{8} \cdot \frac{8 e^{2} x^{3} - 8 e^{2} x^{3} + 8 x^{3} - {(2 (2 x^{2}))}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3} - 4)}{3}$

Step 17.4.19

Multiply $2$ by $2$ .

$V = \frac{π (\frac{3}{8} \cdot \frac{8 e^{2} x^{3} - 8 e^{2} x^{3} + 8 x^{3} - {(4 x^{2})}^{\frac{3}{2}}}{3} - 4)}{3}$

Step 17.4.20

Apply the product rule to $4 x^{2}$ .

$V = \frac{π (\frac{3}{8} \cdot \frac{8 e^{2} x^{3} - 8 e^{2} x^{3} + 8 x^{3} - (4^{\frac{3}{2}} {(x^{2})}^{\frac{3}{2}})}{3} - 4)}{3}$

Step 17.4.21

Rewrite $4$ as $2^{2}$ .

$V = \frac{π (\frac{3}{8} \cdot \frac{8 e^{2} x^{3} - 8 e^{2} x^{3} + 8 x^{3} - ({(2^{2})}^{\frac{3}{2}} {(x^{2})}^{\frac{3}{2}})}{3} - 4)}{3}$

Step 17.4.22

Apply the power rule and multiply exponents, ${(a^{m})}^{n} = a^{m n}$ .

$V = \frac{π (\frac{3}{8} \cdot \frac{8 e^{2} x^{3} - 8 e^{2} x^{3} + 8 x^{3} - (2^{2 (\frac{3}{2})} {(x^{2})}^{\frac{3}{2}})}{3} - 4)}{3}$

Step 17.4.23

Cancel the common factor of $2$ .

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Step 17.4.23.1

Cancel the common factor.

$V = \frac{π (\frac{3}{8} \cdot \frac{8 e^{2} x^{3} - 8 e^{2} x^{3} + 8 x^{3} - (2^{2 (\frac{3}{2})} {(x^{2})}^{\frac{3}{2}})}{3} - 4)}{3}$

Step 17.4.23.2

Rewrite the expression.

$V = \frac{π (\frac{3}{8} \cdot \frac{8 e^{2} x^{3} - 8 e^{2} x^{3} + 8 x^{3} - (2^{3} {(x^{2})}^{\frac{3}{2}})}{3} - 4)}{3}$

Step 17.4.24

Raise $2$ to the power of $3$ .

$V = \frac{π (\frac{3}{8} \cdot \frac{8 e^{2} x^{3} - 8 e^{2} x^{3} + 8 x^{3} - (8 {(x^{2})}^{\frac{3}{2}})}{3} - 4)}{3}$

Step 17.4.25

Multiply the exponents in ${(x^{2})}^{\frac{3}{2}}$ .

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Step 17.4.25.1

Apply the power rule and multiply exponents, ${(a^{m})}^{n} = a^{m n}$ .

$V = \frac{π (\frac{3}{8} \cdot \frac{8 e^{2} x^{3} - 8 e^{2} x^{3} + 8 x^{3} - (8 x^{2 (\frac{3}{2})})}{3} - 4)}{3}$

Step 17.4.25.2

Cancel the common factor of $2$ .

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Step 17.4.25.2.1

Cancel the common factor.

$V = \frac{π (\frac{3}{8} \cdot \frac{8 e^{2} x^{3} - 8 e^{2} x^{3} + 8 x^{3} - (8 x^{2 (\frac{3}{2})})}{3} - 4)}{3}$

Step 17.4.25.2.2

Rewrite the expression.

$V = \frac{π (\frac{3}{8} \cdot \frac{8 e^{2} x^{3} - 8 e^{2} x^{3} + 8 x^{3} - (8 x^{3})}{3} - 4)}{3}$

Step 17.4.26

Multiply $8$ by $- 1$ .

$V = \frac{π (\frac{3}{8} \cdot \frac{8 e^{2} x^{3} - 8 e^{2} x^{3} + 8 x^{3} - 8 x^{3}}{3} - 4)}{3}$

Step 17.5

Combine the opposite terms in $8 e^{2} x^{3} - 8 e^{2} x^{3} + 8 x^{3} - 8 x^{3}$ .

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Step 17.5.1

Subtract $8 e^{2} x^{3}$ from $8 e^{2} x^{3}$ .

$V = \frac{π (\frac{3}{8} \cdot \frac{0 + 8 x^{3} - 8 x^{3}}{3} - 4)}{3}$

Step 17.5.2

Subtract $8 x^{3}$ from $8 x^{3}$ .

$V = \frac{π (\frac{3}{8} \cdot \frac{0 + 0}{3} - 4)}{3}$

Step 17.5.3

Add $0$ and $0$ .

$V = \frac{π (\frac{3}{8} \cdot \frac{0}{3} - 4)}{3}$

Step 17.6

Cancel the common factor of $3$ .

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Step 17.6.1

Cancel the common factor.

$V = \frac{π (\frac{3}{8} \cdot \frac{0}{3} - 4)}{3}$

Step 17.6.2

Rewrite the expression.

$V = \frac{π (\frac{1}{8} \cdot 0 - 4)}{3}$

Step 17.7

Multiply $\frac{1}{8}$ by $0$ .

$V = \frac{π (0 - 4)}{3}$

Step 17.8

Subtract $4$ from $0$ .

$V = \frac{π \cdot - 4}{3}$

Step 17.9

Move $- 4$ to the left of $π$ .

$V = \frac{- 4 \cdot π}{3}$

Step 17.10

Move the negative in front of the fraction.

$V = - \frac{4 π}{3}$

Step 18

The result can be shown in multiple forms.

Exact Form:

$V = - \frac{4 π}{3}$

Decimal Form:

$V = - 4.18879020 \dots$

Step 19