Calculus Examples

$\frac{d y}{d x} + 2 y = x^{2} + 2 x$

Step 1

The integrating factor is defined by the formula $e^{\int P (x) d x}$ , where $P (x) = 2$ .

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Step 1.1

Set up the integration.

$e^{\int 2 d x}$

Step 1.2

Apply the constant rule.

$e^{2 x + C}$

Step 1.3

Remove the constant of integration.

$e^{2 x}$

Step 2

Multiply each term by the integrating factor $e^{2 x}$ .

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Step 2.1

Multiply each term by $e^{2 x}$ .

$e^{2 x} \frac{d y}{d x} + e^{2 x} (2 y) = e^{2 x} x^{2} + e^{2 x} (2 x)$

Step 2.2

Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.

$e^{2 x} \frac{d y}{d x} + 2 e^{2 x} y = e^{2 x} x^{2} + e^{2 x} (2 x)$

Step 2.3

Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.

$e^{2 x} \frac{d y}{d x} + 2 e^{2 x} y = e^{2 x} x^{2} + 2 e^{2 x} x$

Step 2.4

Reorder factors in $e^{2 x} \frac{d y}{d x} + 2 e^{2 x} y = e^{2 x} x^{2} + 2 e^{2 x} x$ .

$e^{2 x} \frac{d y}{d x} + 2 y e^{2 x} = x^{2} e^{2 x} + 2 x e^{2 x}$

Step 3

Rewrite the left side as a result of differentiating a product.

$\frac{d}{d x} [e^{2 x} y] = x^{2} e^{2 x} + 2 x e^{2 x}$

Step 4

Set up an integral on each side.

$\int \frac{d}{d x} [e^{2 x} y] d x = \int x^{2} e^{2 x} + 2 x e^{2 x} d x$

Step 5

Integrate the left side.

$e^{2 x} y = \int x^{2} e^{2 x} + 2 x e^{2 x} d x$

Step 6

Integrate the right side.

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Step 6.1

Split the single integral into multiple integrals.

$e^{2 x} y = \int x^{2} e^{2 x} d x + \int 2 x e^{2 x} d x$

Step 6.2

Integrate by parts using the formula $\int u d v = u v - \int v d u$ , where $u = x^{2}$ and $d v = e^{2 x}$ .

$e^{2 x} y = x^{2} (\frac{1}{2} e^{2 x}) - \int \frac{1}{2} e^{2 x} (2 x) d x + \int 2 x e^{2 x} d x$

Step 6.3

Simplify.

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Step 6.3.1

Combine $\frac{1}{2}$ and $e^{2 x}$ .

$e^{2 x} y = x^{2} \frac{e^{2 x}}{2} - \int \frac{1}{2} e^{2 x} (2 x) d x + \int 2 x e^{2 x} d x$

Step 6.3.2

Combine $x^{2}$ and $\frac{e^{2 x}}{2}$ .

$e^{2 x} y = \frac{x^{2} e^{2 x}}{2} - \int \frac{1}{2} e^{2 x} (2 x) d x + \int 2 x e^{2 x} d x$

Step 6.4

Since $\frac{1}{2} \cdot 2$ is constant with respect to $x$ , move $\frac{1}{2} \cdot 2$ out of the integral.

$e^{2 x} y = \frac{x^{2} e^{2 x}}{2} - (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 2 \int e^{2 x} (x) d x) + \int 2 x e^{2 x} d x$

Step 6.5

Simplify.

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Step 6.5.1

Combine $\frac{1}{2}$ and $2$ .

$e^{2 x} y = \frac{x^{2} e^{2 x}}{2} - (\frac{2}{2} \int e^{2 x} (x) d x) + \int 2 x e^{2 x} d x$

Step 6.5.2

Cancel the common factor of $2$ .

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Step 6.5.2.1

Cancel the common factor.

$e^{2 x} y = \frac{x^{2} e^{2 x}}{2} - (\frac{2}{2} \int e^{2 x} (x) d x) + \int 2 x e^{2 x} d x$

Step 6.5.2.2

Rewrite the expression.

$e^{2 x} y = \frac{x^{2} e^{2 x}}{2} - (1 \int e^{2 x} (x) d x) + \int 2 x e^{2 x} d x$

Step 6.5.3

Multiply $\int e^{2 x} (x) d x$ by $1$ .

$e^{2 x} y = \frac{x^{2} e^{2 x}}{2} - \int e^{2 x} (x) d x + \int 2 x e^{2 x} d x$

Step 6.6

Integrate by parts using the formula $\int u d v = u v - \int v d u$ , where $u = x$ and $d v = e^{2 x}$ .

$e^{2 x} y = \frac{x^{2} e^{2 x}}{2} - (x (\frac{1}{2} e^{2 x}) - \int \frac{1}{2} e^{2 x} d x) + \int 2 x e^{2 x} d x$

Step 6.7

Simplify.

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Step 6.7.1

Combine $\frac{1}{2}$ and $e^{2 x}$ .

$e^{2 x} y = \frac{x^{2} e^{2 x}}{2} - (x \frac{e^{2 x}}{2} - \int \frac{1}{2} e^{2 x} d x) + \int 2 x e^{2 x} d x$

Step 6.7.2

Combine $x$ and $\frac{e^{2 x}}{2}$ .

$e^{2 x} y = \frac{x^{2} e^{2 x}}{2} - (\frac{x e^{2 x}}{2} - \int \frac{1}{2} e^{2 x} d x) + \int 2 x e^{2 x} d x$

Step 6.7.3

Combine $\frac{1}{2}$ and $e^{2 x}$ .

$e^{2 x} y = \frac{x^{2} e^{2 x}}{2} - (\frac{x e^{2 x}}{2} - \int \frac{e^{2 x}}{2} d x) + \int 2 x e^{2 x} d x$

Step 6.8

Since $\frac{1}{2}$ is constant with respect to $x$ , move $\frac{1}{2}$ out of the integral.

$e^{2 x} y = \frac{x^{2} e^{2 x}}{2} - (\frac{x e^{2 x}}{2} - (\frac{1}{2} \int e^{2 x} d x)) + \int 2 x e^{2 x} d x$

Step 6.9

Let $u_{1} = 2 x$ . Then $d u_{1} = 2 d x$ , so $\frac{1}{2} d u_{1} = d x$ . Rewrite using $u_{1}$ and $d$ $u_{1}$ .

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Step 6.9.1

Let $u_{1} = 2 x$ . Find $\frac{d u_{1}}{d x}$ .

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Step 6.9.1.1

Differentiate $2 x$ .

$\frac{d}{d x} [2 x]$

Step 6.9.1.2

Since $2$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $2 x$ with respect to $x$ is $2 \frac{d}{d x} [x]$ .

$2 \frac{d}{d x} [x]$

Step 6.9.1.3

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ is $n x^{n - 1}$ where $n = 1$ .

$2 \cdot 1$

Step 6.9.1.4

Multiply $2$ by $1$ .

$2$

Step 6.9.2

Rewrite the problem using $u_{1}$ and $d u_{1}$ .

$e^{2 x} y = \frac{x^{2} e^{2 x}}{2} - (\frac{x e^{2 x}}{2} - \frac{1}{2} \int e^{u_{1}} \frac{1}{2} d u_{1}) + \int 2 x e^{2 x} d x$

Step 6.10

Combine $e^{u_{1}}$ and $\frac{1}{2}$ .

$e^{2 x} y = \frac{x^{2} e^{2 x}}{2} - (\frac{x e^{2 x}}{2} - \frac{1}{2} \int \frac{e^{u_{1}}}{2} d u_{1}) + \int 2 x e^{2 x} d x$

Step 6.11

Since $\frac{1}{2}$ is constant with respect to $u_{1}$ , move $\frac{1}{2}$ out of the integral.

$e^{2 x} y = \frac{x^{2} e^{2 x}}{2} - (\frac{x e^{2 x}}{2} - \frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{2} \int e^{u_{1}} d u_{1})) + \int 2 x e^{2 x} d x$

Step 6.12

Simplify.

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Step 6.12.1

Multiply $\frac{1}{2}$ by $\frac{1}{2}$ .

$e^{2 x} y = \frac{x^{2} e^{2 x}}{2} - (\frac{x e^{2 x}}{2} - \frac{1}{2 \cdot 2} \int e^{u_{1}} d u_{1}) + \int 2 x e^{2 x} d x$

Step 6.12.2

Multiply $2$ by $2$ .

$e^{2 x} y = \frac{x^{2} e^{2 x}}{2} - (\frac{x e^{2 x}}{2} - \frac{1}{4} \int e^{u_{1}} d u_{1}) + \int 2 x e^{2 x} d x$

Step 6.13

The integral of $e^{u_{1}}$ with respect to $u_{1}$ is $e^{u_{1}}$ .

$e^{2 x} y = \frac{x^{2} e^{2 x}}{2} - (\frac{x e^{2 x}}{2} - \frac{1}{4} (e^{u_{1}} + C)) + \int 2 x e^{2 x} d x$

Step 6.14

Since $2$ is constant with respect to $x$ , move $2$ out of the integral.

$e^{2 x} y = \frac{x^{2} e^{2 x}}{2} - (\frac{x e^{2 x}}{2} - \frac{1}{4} (e^{u_{1}} + C)) + 2 \int x e^{2 x} d x$

Step 6.15

Integrate by parts using the formula $\int u d v = u v - \int v d u$ , where $u = x$ and $d v = e^{2 x}$ .

$e^{2 x} y = \frac{x^{2} e^{2 x}}{2} - (\frac{x e^{2 x}}{2} - \frac{1}{4} (e^{u_{1}} + C)) + 2 (x (\frac{1}{2} e^{2 x}) - \int \frac{1}{2} e^{2 x} d x)$

Step 6.16

Simplify.

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Step 6.16.1

Combine $\frac{1}{2}$ and $e^{2 x}$ .

$e^{2 x} y = \frac{x^{2} e^{2 x}}{2} - (\frac{x e^{2 x}}{2} - \frac{1}{4} (e^{u_{1}} + C)) + 2 (x \frac{e^{2 x}}{2} - \int \frac{1}{2} e^{2 x} d x)$

Step 6.16.2

Combine $x$ and $\frac{e^{2 x}}{2}$ .

$e^{2 x} y = \frac{x^{2} e^{2 x}}{2} - (\frac{x e^{2 x}}{2} - \frac{1}{4} (e^{u_{1}} + C)) + 2 (\frac{x e^{2 x}}{2} - \int \frac{1}{2} e^{2 x} d x)$

Step 6.16.3

Combine $\frac{1}{2}$ and $e^{2 x}$ .

$e^{2 x} y = \frac{x^{2} e^{2 x}}{2} - (\frac{x e^{2 x}}{2} - \frac{1}{4} (e^{u_{1}} + C)) + 2 (\frac{x e^{2 x}}{2} - \int \frac{e^{2 x}}{2} d x)$

Step 6.17

Since $\frac{1}{2}$ is constant with respect to $x$ , move $\frac{1}{2}$ out of the integral.

$e^{2 x} y = \frac{x^{2} e^{2 x}}{2} - (\frac{x e^{2 x}}{2} - \frac{1}{4} (e^{u_{1}} + C)) + 2 (\frac{x e^{2 x}}{2} - (\frac{1}{2} \int e^{2 x} d x))$

Step 6.18

Let $u_{2} = 2 x$ . Then $d u_{2} = 2 d x$ , so $\frac{1}{2} d u_{2} = d x$ . Rewrite using $u_{2}$ and $d$ $u_{2}$ .

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Step 6.18.1

Let $u_{2} = 2 x$ . Find $\frac{d u_{2}}{d x}$ .

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Step 6.18.1.1

Differentiate $2 x$ .

$\frac{d}{d x} [2 x]$

Step 6.18.1.2

Since $2$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $2 x$ with respect to $x$ is $2 \frac{d}{d x} [x]$ .

$2 \frac{d}{d x} [x]$

Step 6.18.1.3

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ is $n x^{n - 1}$ where $n = 1$ .

$2 \cdot 1$

Step 6.18.1.4

Multiply $2$ by $1$ .

$2$

Step 6.18.2

Rewrite the problem using $u_{2}$ and $d u_{2}$ .

$e^{2 x} y = \frac{x^{2} e^{2 x}}{2} - (\frac{x e^{2 x}}{2} - \frac{1}{4} (e^{u_{1}} + C)) + 2 (\frac{x e^{2 x}}{2} - \frac{1}{2} \int e^{u_{2}} \frac{1}{2} d u_{2})$

Step 6.19

Combine $e^{u_{2}}$ and $\frac{1}{2}$ .

$e^{2 x} y = \frac{x^{2} e^{2 x}}{2} - (\frac{x e^{2 x}}{2} - \frac{1}{4} (e^{u_{1}} + C)) + 2 (\frac{x e^{2 x}}{2} - \frac{1}{2} \int \frac{e^{u_{2}}}{2} d u_{2})$

Step 6.20

Since $\frac{1}{2}$ is constant with respect to $u_{2}$ , move $\frac{1}{2}$ out of the integral.

$e^{2 x} y = \frac{x^{2} e^{2 x}}{2} - (\frac{x e^{2 x}}{2} - \frac{1}{4} (e^{u_{1}} + C)) + 2 (\frac{x e^{2 x}}{2} - \frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{2} \int e^{u_{2}} d u_{2}))$

Step 6.21

Simplify.

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Step 6.21.1

Multiply $\frac{1}{2}$ by $\frac{1}{2}$ .

$e^{2 x} y = \frac{x^{2} e^{2 x}}{2} - (\frac{x e^{2 x}}{2} - \frac{1}{4} (e^{u_{1}} + C)) + 2 (\frac{x e^{2 x}}{2} - \frac{1}{2 \cdot 2} \int e^{u_{2}} d u_{2})$

Step 6.21.2

Multiply $2$ by $2$ .

$e^{2 x} y = \frac{x^{2} e^{2 x}}{2} - (\frac{x e^{2 x}}{2} - \frac{1}{4} (e^{u_{1}} + C)) + 2 (\frac{x e^{2 x}}{2} - \frac{1}{4} \int e^{u_{2}} d u_{2})$

Step 6.22

The integral of $e^{u_{2}}$ with respect to $u_{2}$ is $e^{u_{2}}$ .

$e^{2 x} y = \frac{x^{2} e^{2 x}}{2} - (\frac{x e^{2 x}}{2} - \frac{1}{4} (e^{u_{1}} + C)) + 2 (\frac{x e^{2 x}}{2} - \frac{1}{4} (e^{u_{2}} + C))$

Step 6.23

Simplify.

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Step 6.23.1

Simplify.

$e^{2 x} y = \frac{x^{2} e^{2 x}}{2} - \frac{x e^{2 x}}{2} + \frac{e^{u_{1}}}{4} + 2 (\frac{x e^{2 x}}{2} - \frac{1}{4} e^{u_{2}}) + C$

Step 6.23.2

Simplify.

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Step 6.23.2.1

Combine $e^{u_{2}}$ and $\frac{1}{4}$ .

$e^{2 x} y = \frac{x^{2} e^{2 x}}{2} - \frac{x e^{2 x}}{2} + \frac{e^{u_{1}}}{4} + 2 (\frac{x e^{2 x}}{2} - \frac{e^{u_{2}}}{4}) + C$

Step 6.23.2.2

To write $2 (\frac{x e^{2 x}}{2} - \frac{e^{u_{2}}}{4})$ as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by $\frac{2}{2}$ .

$e^{2 x} y = - \frac{x e^{2 x}}{2} + \frac{e^{u_{1}}}{4} + \frac{x^{2} e^{2 x}}{2} + 2 (\frac{x e^{2 x}}{2} - \frac{e^{u_{2}}}{4}) \cdot \frac{2}{2} + C$

Step 6.23.2.3

Combine $2 (\frac{x e^{2 x}}{2} - \frac{e^{u_{2}}}{4})$ and $\frac{2}{2}$ .

$e^{2 x} y = - \frac{x e^{2 x}}{2} + \frac{e^{u_{1}}}{4} + \frac{x^{2} e^{2 x}}{2} + \frac{2 (\frac{x e^{2 x}}{2} - \frac{e^{u_{2}}}{4}) \cdot 2}{2} + C$

Step 6.23.2.4

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$e^{2 x} y = - \frac{x e^{2 x}}{2} + \frac{e^{u_{1}}}{4} + \frac{x^{2} e^{2 x} + 2 (\frac{x e^{2 x}}{2} - \frac{e^{u_{2}}}{4}) \cdot 2}{2} + C$

Step 6.23.2.5

Multiply $2$ by $2$ .

$e^{2 x} y = - \frac{x e^{2 x}}{2} + \frac{e^{u_{1}}}{4} + \frac{x^{2} e^{2 x} + 4 (\frac{x e^{2 x}}{2} - \frac{e^{u_{2}}}{4})}{2} + C$

Step 6.24

Substitute back in for each integration substitution variable.

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Step 6.24.1

Replace all occurrences of $u_{1}$ with $2 x$ .

$e^{2 x} y = - \frac{x e^{2 x}}{2} + \frac{e^{2 x}}{4} + \frac{x^{2} e^{2 x} + 4 (\frac{x e^{2 x}}{2} - \frac{e^{u_{2}}}{4})}{2} + C$

Step 6.24.2

Replace all occurrences of $u_{2}$ with $2 x$ .

$e^{2 x} y = - \frac{x e^{2 x}}{2} + \frac{e^{2 x}}{4} + \frac{x^{2} e^{2 x} + 4 (\frac{x e^{2 x}}{2} - \frac{e^{2 x}}{4})}{2} + C$

Step 6.25

Simplify.

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Step 6.25.1

Apply the distributive property.

$e^{2 x} y = - \frac{x e^{2 x}}{2} + \frac{e^{2 x}}{4} + \frac{x^{2} e^{2 x} + 4 \frac{x e^{2 x}}{2} + 4 (- \frac{e^{2 x}}{4})}{2} + C$

Step 6.25.2

Cancel the common factor of $2$ .

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Step 6.25.2.1

Factor $2$ out of $4$ .

$e^{2 x} y = - \frac{x e^{2 x}}{2} + \frac{e^{2 x}}{4} + \frac{x^{2} e^{2 x} + 2 (2) \frac{x e^{2 x}}{2} + 4 (- \frac{e^{2 x}}{4})}{2} + C$

Step 6.25.2.2

Cancel the common factor.

$e^{2 x} y = - \frac{x e^{2 x}}{2} + \frac{e^{2 x}}{4} + \frac{x^{2} e^{2 x} + 2 \cdot 2 \frac{x e^{2 x}}{2} + 4 (- \frac{e^{2 x}}{4})}{2} + C$

Step 6.25.2.3

Rewrite the expression.

$e^{2 x} y = - \frac{x e^{2 x}}{2} + \frac{e^{2 x}}{4} + \frac{x^{2} e^{2 x} + 2 (x e^{2 x}) + 4 (- \frac{e^{2 x}}{4})}{2} + C$

Step 6.25.3

Cancel the common factor of $4$ .

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Step 6.25.3.1

Move the leading negative in $- \frac{e^{2 x}}{4}$ into the numerator.

$e^{2 x} y = - \frac{x e^{2 x}}{2} + \frac{e^{2 x}}{4} + \frac{x^{2} e^{2 x} + 2 (x e^{2 x}) + 4 \frac{- e^{2 x}}{4}}{2} + C$

Step 6.25.3.2

Cancel the common factor.

$e^{2 x} y = - \frac{x e^{2 x}}{2} + \frac{e^{2 x}}{4} + \frac{x^{2} e^{2 x} + 2 (x e^{2 x}) + 4 \frac{- e^{2 x}}{4}}{2} + C$

Step 6.25.3.3

Rewrite the expression.

$e^{2 x} y = - \frac{x e^{2 x}}{2} + \frac{e^{2 x}}{4} + \frac{x^{2} e^{2 x} + 2 (x e^{2 x}) - e^{2 x}}{2} + C$

$e^{2 x} y = - \frac{x e^{2 x}}{2} + \frac{e^{2 x}}{4} + \frac{x^{2} e^{2 x} + 2 x e^{2 x} - e^{2 x}}{2} + C$

Step 6.26

Reorder terms.

$e^{2 x} y = - \frac{1}{2} x e^{2 x} + \frac{1}{4} e^{2 x} + \frac{1}{2} (x^{2} e^{2 x} + 2 x e^{2 x} - e^{2 x}) + C$

Step 7

Solve for $y$ .

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Step 7.1

Simplify.

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Step 7.1.1

Apply the distributive property.

$e^{2 x} y = - \frac{1}{2} \cdot (x e^{2 x}) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot e^{2 x} + \frac{1}{2} (x^{2} e^{2 x}) + \frac{1}{2} (2 x e^{2 x}) + \frac{1}{2} (- e^{2 x}) + C$

Step 7.1.2

Simplify.

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Step 7.1.2.1

Multiply $\frac{1}{2} (x^{2} e^{2 x})$ .

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Step 7.1.2.1.1

Combine $x^{2}$ and $\frac{1}{2}$ .

$e^{2 x} y = - \frac{1}{2} \cdot (x e^{2 x}) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot e^{2 x} + \frac{x^{2}}{2} e^{2 x} + \frac{1}{2} (2 x e^{2 x}) + \frac{1}{2} (- e^{2 x}) + C$

Step 7.1.2.1.2

Combine $\frac{x^{2}}{2}$ and $e^{2 x}$ .

$e^{2 x} y = - \frac{1}{2} \cdot (x e^{2 x}) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot e^{2 x} + \frac{x^{2} e^{2 x}}{2} + \frac{1}{2} (2 x e^{2 x}) + \frac{1}{2} (- e^{2 x}) + C$

Step 7.1.2.2

Cancel the common factor of $2$ .

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Step 7.1.2.2.1

Factor $2$ out of $2 x e^{2 x}$ .

$e^{2 x} y = - \frac{1}{2} \cdot (x e^{2 x}) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot e^{2 x} + \frac{x^{2} e^{2 x}}{2} + \frac{1}{2} (2 (x e^{2 x})) + \frac{1}{2} (- e^{2 x}) + C$

Step 7.1.2.2.2

Cancel the common factor.

$e^{2 x} y = - \frac{1}{2} \cdot (x e^{2 x}) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot e^{2 x} + \frac{x^{2} e^{2 x}}{2} + \frac{1}{2} (2 (x e^{2 x})) + \frac{1}{2} (- e^{2 x}) + C$

Step 7.1.2.2.3

Rewrite the expression.

$e^{2 x} y = - \frac{1}{2} \cdot (x e^{2 x}) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot e^{2 x} + \frac{x^{2} e^{2 x}}{2} + x e^{2 x} + \frac{1}{2} (- e^{2 x}) + C$

Step 7.1.2.3

Combine $\frac{1}{2}$ and $e^{2 x}$ .

$e^{2 x} y = - \frac{1}{2} \cdot (x e^{2 x}) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot e^{2 x} + \frac{x^{2} e^{2 x}}{2} + x e^{2 x} - \frac{e^{2 x}}{2} + C$

Step 7.1.3

Reorder the factors of $x e^{2 x}$ .

$e^{2 x} y = - \frac{1}{2} \cdot (x e^{2 x}) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot e^{2 x} + \frac{x^{2} e^{2 x}}{2} + e^{2 x} x - \frac{e^{2 x}}{2} + C$

Step 7.1.4

Subtract $\frac{e^{2 x}}{2}$ from $e^{2 x} x$ .

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Step 7.1.4.1

Reorder $e^{2 x}$ and $x$ .

$e^{2 x} y = - \frac{1}{2} \cdot (x e^{2 x}) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot e^{2 x} + \frac{x^{2} e^{2 x}}{2} + x e^{2 x} - \frac{e^{2 x}}{2} + C$

Step 7.1.4.2

To write $x e^{2 x}$ as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by $\frac{2}{2}$ .

$e^{2 x} y = - \frac{1}{2} \cdot (x e^{2 x}) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot e^{2 x} + \frac{x^{2} e^{2 x}}{2} + x e^{2 x} \cdot \frac{2}{2} - \frac{e^{2 x}}{2} + C$

Step 7.1.4.3

Combine $x e^{2 x}$ and $\frac{2}{2}$ .

$e^{2 x} y = - \frac{1}{2} \cdot (x e^{2 x}) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot e^{2 x} + \frac{x^{2} e^{2 x}}{2} + \frac{x e^{2 x} \cdot 2}{2} - \frac{e^{2 x}}{2} + C$

Step 7.1.4.4

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$e^{2 x} y = - \frac{1}{2} \cdot (x e^{2 x}) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot e^{2 x} + \frac{x^{2} e^{2 x}}{2} + \frac{x e^{2 x} \cdot 2 - e^{2 x}}{2} + C$

Step 7.1.5

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$e^{2 x} y = - \frac{1}{2} \cdot (x e^{2 x}) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot e^{2 x} + \frac{x^{2} e^{2 x} + x e^{2 x} \cdot 2 - e^{2 x}}{2} + C$

Step 7.1.6

Reorder factors in $x^{2} e^{2 x} + x e^{2 x} \cdot 2 - e^{2 x}$ .

$e^{2 x} y = - \frac{1}{2} \cdot (x e^{2 x}) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot e^{2 x} + \frac{x^{2} e^{2 x} + 2 x e^{2 x} - e^{2 x}}{2} + C$

Step 7.1.7

Factor $e^{2 x}$ out of $x^{2} e^{2 x} + 2 x e^{2 x} - e^{2 x}$ .

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Step 7.1.7.1

Factor $e^{2 x}$ out of $x^{2} e^{2 x}$ .

$e^{2 x} y = - \frac{1}{2} \cdot (x e^{2 x}) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot e^{2 x} + \frac{e^{2 x} x^{2} + 2 x e^{2 x} - e^{2 x}}{2} + C$

Step 7.1.7.2

Factor $e^{2 x}$ out of $2 x e^{2 x}$ .

$e^{2 x} y = - \frac{1}{2} \cdot (x e^{2 x}) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot e^{2 x} + \frac{e^{2 x} x^{2} + e^{2 x} (2 x) - e^{2 x}}{2} + C$

Step 7.1.7.3

Factor $e^{2 x}$ out of $- e^{2 x}$ .

$e^{2 x} y = - \frac{1}{2} \cdot (x e^{2 x}) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot e^{2 x} + \frac{e^{2 x} x^{2} + e^{2 x} (2 x) + e^{2 x} \cdot - 1}{2} + C$

Step 7.1.7.4

Factor $e^{2 x}$ out of $e^{2 x} x^{2} + e^{2 x} (2 x)$ .

$e^{2 x} y = - \frac{1}{2} \cdot (x e^{2 x}) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot e^{2 x} + \frac{e^{2 x} (x^{2} + 2 x) + e^{2 x} \cdot - 1}{2} + C$

Step 7.1.7.5

Factor $e^{2 x}$ out of $e^{2 x} (x^{2} + 2 x) + e^{2 x} \cdot - 1$ .

$e^{2 x} y = - \frac{1}{2} \cdot (x e^{2 x}) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot e^{2 x} + \frac{e^{2 x} (x^{2} + 2 x - 1)}{2} + C$

Step 7.1.8

Combine $x$ and $\frac{1}{2}$ .

$e^{2 x} y = - \frac{x}{2} \cdot e^{2 x} + \frac{1}{4} \cdot e^{2 x} + \frac{e^{2 x} (x^{2} + 2 x - 1)}{2} + C$

Step 7.1.9

Combine $e^{2 x}$ and $\frac{x}{2}$ .

$e^{2 x} y = - \frac{e^{2 x} x}{2} + \frac{1}{4} \cdot e^{2 x} + \frac{e^{2 x} (x^{2} + 2 x - 1)}{2} + C$

Step 7.2

Divide each term in $e^{2 x} y = - \frac{e^{2 x} x}{2} + \frac{1}{4} \cdot e^{2 x} + \frac{e^{2 x} (x^{2} + 2 x - 1)}{2} + C$ by $e^{2 x}$ and simplify.

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Step 7.2.1

Divide each term in $e^{2 x} y = - \frac{e^{2 x} x}{2} + \frac{1}{4} \cdot e^{2 x} + \frac{e^{2 x} (x^{2} + 2 x - 1)}{2} + C$ by $e^{2 x}$ .

$\frac{e^{2 x} y}{e^{2 x}} = \frac{- \frac{e^{2 x} x}{2}}{e^{2 x}} + \frac{\frac{1}{4} \cdot e^{2 x}}{e^{2 x}} + \frac{\frac{e^{2 x} (x^{2} + 2 x - 1)}{2}}{e^{2 x}} + \frac{C}{e^{2 x}}$

Step 7.2.2

Simplify the left side.

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Step 7.2.2.1

Cancel the common factor of $e^{2 x}$ .

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Step 7.2.2.1.1

Cancel the common factor.

$\frac{e^{2 x} y}{e^{2 x}} = \frac{- \frac{e^{2 x} x}{2}}{e^{2 x}} + \frac{\frac{1}{4} \cdot e^{2 x}}{e^{2 x}} + \frac{\frac{e^{2 x} (x^{2} + 2 x - 1)}{2}}{e^{2 x}} + \frac{C}{e^{2 x}}$

Step 7.2.2.1.2

Divide $y$ by $1$ .

$y = \frac{- \frac{e^{2 x} x}{2}}{e^{2 x}} + \frac{\frac{1}{4} \cdot e^{2 x}}{e^{2 x}} + \frac{\frac{e^{2 x} (x^{2} + 2 x - 1)}{2}}{e^{2 x}} + \frac{C}{e^{2 x}}$

Step 7.2.3

Simplify the right side.

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Step 7.2.3.1

Combine fractions.

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Step 7.2.3.1.1

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$y = \frac{- \frac{e^{2 x} x}{2} + \frac{1}{4} \cdot e^{2 x} + \frac{e^{2 x} (x^{2} + 2 x - 1)}{2} + C}{e^{2 x}}$

Step 7.2.3.1.2

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$y = \frac{\frac{1}{4} \cdot e^{2 x} + C + \frac{- e^{2 x} x + e^{2 x} (x^{2} + 2 x - 1)}{2}}{e^{2 x}}$

Step 7.2.3.2

Simplify each term.

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Step 7.2.3.2.1

Apply the distributive property.

$y = \frac{\frac{1}{4} \cdot e^{2 x} + C + \frac{- e^{2 x} x + e^{2 x} x^{2} + e^{2 x} (2 x) + e^{2 x} \cdot - 1}{2}}{e^{2 x}}$

Step 7.2.3.2.2

Simplify.

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Step 7.2.3.2.2.1

Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.

$y = \frac{\frac{1}{4} \cdot e^{2 x} + C + \frac{- e^{2 x} x + e^{2 x} x^{2} + 2 e^{2 x} x + e^{2 x} \cdot - 1}{2}}{e^{2 x}}$

Step 7.2.3.2.2.2

Move $- 1$ to the left of $e^{2 x}$ .

$y = \frac{\frac{1}{4} \cdot e^{2 x} + C + \frac{- e^{2 x} x + e^{2 x} x^{2} + 2 e^{2 x} x - 1 \cdot e^{2 x}}{2}}{e^{2 x}}$

Step 7.2.3.2.3

Rewrite $- 1 e^{2 x}$ as $- e^{2 x}$ .

$y = \frac{\frac{1}{4} \cdot e^{2 x} + C + \frac{- e^{2 x} x + e^{2 x} x^{2} + 2 e^{2 x} x - e^{2 x}}{2}}{e^{2 x}}$

Step 7.2.3.3

Simplify by adding terms.

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Step 7.2.3.3.1

Add $- e^{2 x} x$ and $2 e^{2 x} x$ .

$y = \frac{\frac{1}{4} \cdot e^{2 x} + C + \frac{1 e^{2 x} x + e^{2 x} x^{2} - e^{2 x}}{2}}{e^{2 x}}$

Step 7.2.3.3.2

Simplify the expression.

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Step 7.2.3.3.2.1

Multiply $e^{2 x}$ by $1$ .

$y = \frac{\frac{1}{4} \cdot e^{2 x} + C + \frac{e^{2 x} x + e^{2 x} x^{2} - e^{2 x}}{2}}{e^{2 x}}$

Step 7.2.3.3.2.2

Reorder factors in $e^{2 x} x + e^{2 x} x^{2} - e^{2 x}$ .

$y = \frac{\frac{1}{4} \cdot e^{2 x} + C + \frac{x e^{2 x} + x^{2} e^{2 x} - e^{2 x}}{2}}{e^{2 x}}$

Step 7.2.3.4

Simplify each term.

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Step 7.2.3.4.1

Combine $\frac{1}{4}$ and $e^{2 x}$ .

$y = \frac{\frac{e^{2 x}}{4} + C + \frac{x e^{2 x} + x^{2} e^{2 x} - e^{2 x}}{2}}{e^{2 x}}$

Step 7.2.3.4.2

Simplify the numerator.

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Step 7.2.3.4.2.1

Factor $e^{2 x}$ out of $x e^{2 x} + x^{2} e^{2 x} - e^{2 x}$ .

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Step 7.2.3.4.2.1.1

Factor $e^{2 x}$ out of $x e^{2 x}$ .

$y = \frac{\frac{e^{2 x}}{4} + C + \frac{e^{2 x} x + x^{2} e^{2 x} - e^{2 x}}{2}}{e^{2 x}}$

Step 7.2.3.4.2.1.2

Factor $e^{2 x}$ out of $x^{2} e^{2 x}$ .

$y = \frac{\frac{e^{2 x}}{4} + C + \frac{e^{2 x} x + e^{2 x} x^{2} - e^{2 x}}{2}}{e^{2 x}}$

Step 7.2.3.4.2.1.3

Factor $e^{2 x}$ out of $- e^{2 x}$ .

$y = \frac{\frac{e^{2 x}}{4} + C + \frac{e^{2 x} x + e^{2 x} x^{2} + e^{2 x} \cdot - 1}{2}}{e^{2 x}}$

Step 7.2.3.4.2.1.4

Factor $e^{2 x}$ out of $e^{2 x} x + e^{2 x} x^{2}$ .

$y = \frac{\frac{e^{2 x}}{4} + C + \frac{e^{2 x} (x + x^{2}) + e^{2 x} \cdot - 1}{2}}{e^{2 x}}$

Step 7.2.3.4.2.1.5

Factor $e^{2 x}$ out of $e^{2 x} (x + x^{2}) + e^{2 x} \cdot - 1$ .

$y = \frac{\frac{e^{2 x}}{4} + C + \frac{e^{2 x} (x + x^{2} - 1)}{2}}{e^{2 x}}$

Step 7.2.3.4.2.2

Reorder terms.

$y = \frac{\frac{e^{2 x}}{4} + C + \frac{e^{2 x} (x^{2} + x - 1)}{2}}{e^{2 x}}$

Step 7.2.3.5

To write $\frac{e^{2 x} (x^{2} + x - 1)}{2}$ as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by $\frac{2}{2}$ .

$y = \frac{C + \frac{e^{2 x}}{4} + \frac{e^{2 x} (x^{2} + x - 1)}{2} \cdot \frac{2}{2}}{e^{2 x}}$

Step 7.2.3.6

Write each expression with a common denominator of $4$ , by multiplying each by an appropriate factor of $1$ .

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Step 7.2.3.6.1

Multiply $\frac{e^{2 x} (x^{2} + x - 1)}{2}$ by $\frac{2}{2}$ .

$y = \frac{C + \frac{e^{2 x}}{4} + \frac{e^{2 x} (x^{2} + x - 1) \cdot 2}{2 \cdot 2}}{e^{2 x}}$

Step 7.2.3.6.2

Multiply $2$ by $2$ .

$y = \frac{C + \frac{e^{2 x}}{4} + \frac{e^{2 x} (x^{2} + x - 1) \cdot 2}{4}}{e^{2 x}}$

Step 7.2.3.7

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$y = \frac{C + \frac{e^{2 x} + e^{2 x} (x^{2} + x - 1) \cdot 2}{4}}{e^{2 x}}$

Step 7.2.3.8

Simplify the numerator.

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Step 7.2.3.8.1

Factor $e^{2 x}$ out of $e^{2 x} + e^{2 x} (x^{2} + x - 1) \cdot 2$ .

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Step 7.2.3.8.1.1

Multiply by $1$ .

$y = \frac{C + \frac{e^{2 x} \cdot 1 + e^{2 x} (x^{2} + x - 1) \cdot 2}{4}}{e^{2 x}}$

Step 7.2.3.8.1.2

Factor $e^{2 x}$ out of $e^{2 x} (x^{2} + x - 1) \cdot 2$ .

$y = \frac{C + \frac{e^{2 x} \cdot 1 + e^{2 x} ((x^{2} + x - 1) \cdot 2)}{4}}{e^{2 x}}$

Step 7.2.3.8.1.3

Factor $e^{2 x}$ out of $e^{2 x} \cdot 1 + e^{2 x} ((x^{2} + x - 1) \cdot 2)$ .

$y = \frac{C + \frac{e^{2 x} (1 + (x^{2} + x - 1) \cdot 2)}{4}}{e^{2 x}}$

Step 7.2.3.8.2

Apply the distributive property.

$y = \frac{C + \frac{e^{2 x} (1 + x^{2} \cdot 2 + x \cdot 2 - 1 \cdot 2)}{4}}{e^{2 x}}$

Step 7.2.3.8.3

Simplify.

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Step 7.2.3.8.3.1

Move $2$ to the left of $x^{2}$ .

$y = \frac{C + \frac{e^{2 x} (1 + 2 \cdot x^{2} + x \cdot 2 - 1 \cdot 2)}{4}}{e^{2 x}}$

Step 7.2.3.8.3.2

Move $2$ to the left of $x$ .

$y = \frac{C + \frac{e^{2 x} (1 + 2 \cdot x^{2} + 2 \cdot x - 1 \cdot 2)}{4}}{e^{2 x}}$

Step 7.2.3.8.3.3

Multiply $- 1$ by $2$ .

$y = \frac{C + \frac{e^{2 x} (1 + 2 \cdot x^{2} + 2 \cdot x - 2)}{4}}{e^{2 x}}$

Step 7.2.3.8.4

Multiply $2$ by $x$ .

$y = \frac{C + \frac{e^{2 x} (1 + 2 x^{2} + 2 x - 2)}{4}}{e^{2 x}}$

Step 7.2.3.8.5

Subtract $2$ from $1$ .

$y = \frac{C + \frac{e^{2 x} (2 x^{2} + 2 x - 1)}{4}}{e^{2 x}}$

Step 7.2.3.9

To write $C$ as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by $\frac{4}{4}$ .

$y = \frac{C \cdot \frac{4}{4} + \frac{e^{2 x} (2 x^{2} + 2 x - 1)}{4}}{e^{2 x}}$

Step 7.2.3.10

Simplify terms.

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Step 7.2.3.10.1

Combine $C$ and $\frac{4}{4}$ .

$y = \frac{\frac{C \cdot 4}{4} + \frac{e^{2 x} (2 x^{2} + 2 x - 1)}{4}}{e^{2 x}}$

Step 7.2.3.10.2

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$y = \frac{\frac{C \cdot 4 + e^{2 x} (2 x^{2} + 2 x - 1)}{4}}{e^{2 x}}$

Step 7.2.3.11

Simplify the numerator.

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Step 7.2.3.11.1

Move $4$ to the left of $C$ .

$y = \frac{\frac{4 \cdot C + e^{2 x} (2 x^{2} + 2 x - 1)}{4}}{e^{2 x}}$

Step 7.2.3.11.2

Apply the distributive property.

$y = \frac{\frac{4 C + e^{2 x} (2 x^{2}) + e^{2 x} (2 x) + e^{2 x} \cdot - 1}{4}}{e^{2 x}}$

Step 7.2.3.11.3

Simplify.

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Step 7.2.3.11.3.1

Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.

$y = \frac{\frac{4 C + 2 e^{2 x} x^{2} + e^{2 x} (2 x) + e^{2 x} \cdot - 1}{4}}{e^{2 x}}$

Step 7.2.3.11.3.2

Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.

$y = \frac{\frac{4 C + 2 e^{2 x} x^{2} + 2 e^{2 x} x + e^{2 x} \cdot - 1}{4}}{e^{2 x}}$

Step 7.2.3.11.3.3

Move $- 1$ to the left of $e^{2 x}$ .

$y = \frac{\frac{4 C + 2 e^{2 x} x^{2} + 2 e^{2 x} x - 1 \cdot e^{2 x}}{4}}{e^{2 x}}$

Step 7.2.3.11.4

Simplify each term.

$y = \frac{\frac{4 C + 2 e^{2 x} x^{2} + 2 e^{2 x} x - e^{2 x}}{4}}{e^{2 x}}$

Step 7.2.3.12

Reorder factors in $\frac{4 C + 2 e^{2 x} x^{2} + 2 e^{2 x} x - e^{2 x}}{4}$ .

$y = \frac{\frac{4 C + 2 x^{2} e^{2 x} + 2 x e^{2 x} - e^{2 x}}{4}}{e^{2 x}}$

Step 7.2.3.13

Multiply the numerator by the reciprocal of the denominator.

$y = \frac{4 C + 2 x^{2} e^{2 x} + 2 x e^{2 x} - e^{2 x}}{4} \cdot \frac{1}{e^{2 x}}$

Step 7.2.3.14

Multiply $\frac{4 C + 2 x^{2} e^{2 x} + 2 x e^{2 x} - e^{2 x}}{4}$ by $\frac{1}{e^{2 x}}$ .

$y = \frac{4 C + 2 x^{2} e^{2 x} + 2 x e^{2 x} - e^{2 x}}{4 e^{2 x}}$