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Calculus Examples
Step 1
Let . Substitute for all occurrences of .
Step 2
Step 2.1
Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that is where and .
Step 2.1.1
To apply the Chain Rule, set as .
Step 2.1.2
Differentiate using the Exponential Rule which states that is where =.
Step 2.1.3
Replace all occurrences of with .
Step 2.2
By the Sum Rule, the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 2.3
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 2.4
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 2.5
Multiply by .
Step 2.6
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 2.7
Rewrite as .
Step 3
Substitute for .
Step 4
Substitute the derivative back in to the differential equation.
Step 5
Step 5.1
Multiply each term in by .
Step 5.2
Simplify the left side.
Step 5.2.1
Simplify each term.
Step 5.2.1.1
Cancel the common factor of .
Step 5.2.1.1.1
Move the leading negative in into the numerator.
Step 5.2.1.1.2
Factor out of .
Step 5.2.1.1.3
Cancel the common factor.
Step 5.2.1.1.4
Rewrite the expression.
Step 5.2.1.2
Multiply by .
Step 5.2.1.3
Multiply by .
Step 5.2.1.4
Cancel the common factor of .
Step 5.2.1.4.1
Factor out of .
Step 5.2.1.4.2
Cancel the common factor.
Step 5.2.1.4.3
Rewrite the expression.
Step 5.2.1.5
Multiply by .
Step 5.3
Simplify the right side.
Step 5.3.1
Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.
Step 5.3.2
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
Step 5.3.2.1
Move .
Step 5.3.2.2
Multiply by .
Step 5.3.3
Multiply by .
Step 6
To solve the differential equation, let where is the exponent of .
Step 7
Solve the equation for .
Step 8
Take the derivative of with respect to .
Step 9
Step 9.1
Take the derivative of .
Step 9.2
Rewrite the expression using the negative exponent rule .
Step 9.3
Differentiate using the Quotient Rule which states that is where and .
Step 9.4
Differentiate using the Constant Rule.
Step 9.4.1
Multiply by .
Step 9.4.2
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 9.4.3
Simplify the expression.
Step 9.4.3.1
Multiply by .
Step 9.4.3.2
Subtract from .
Step 9.4.3.3
Move the negative in front of the fraction.
Step 9.5
Rewrite as .
Step 10
Substitute for and for in the original equation .
Step 11
Step 11.1
Multiply each term in by to eliminate the fractions.
Step 11.1.1
Multiply each term in by .
Step 11.1.2
Simplify the left side.
Step 11.1.2.1
Simplify each term.
Step 11.1.2.1.1
Cancel the common factor of .
Step 11.1.2.1.1.1
Move the leading negative in into the numerator.
Step 11.1.2.1.1.2
Factor out of .
Step 11.1.2.1.1.3
Cancel the common factor.
Step 11.1.2.1.1.4
Rewrite the expression.
Step 11.1.2.1.2
Multiply by .
Step 11.1.2.1.3
Multiply by .
Step 11.1.2.1.4
Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.
Step 11.1.2.1.5
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
Step 11.1.2.1.5.1
Move .
Step 11.1.2.1.5.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 11.1.2.1.5.3
Subtract from .
Step 11.1.2.1.6
Simplify .
Step 11.1.2.1.7
Multiply by .
Step 11.1.3
Simplify the right side.
Step 11.1.3.1
Multiply the exponents in .
Step 11.1.3.1.1
Apply the power rule and multiply exponents, .
Step 11.1.3.1.2
Multiply by .
Step 11.1.3.2
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
Step 11.1.3.2.1
Move .
Step 11.1.3.2.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 11.1.3.2.3
Subtract from .
Step 11.1.3.3
Simplify .
Step 11.1.3.4
Multiply by .
Step 11.2
The integrating factor is defined by the formula , where .
Step 11.2.1
Set up the integration.
Step 11.2.2
Apply the constant rule.
Step 11.2.3
Remove the constant of integration.
Step 11.3
Multiply each term by the integrating factor .
Step 11.3.1
Multiply each term by .
Step 11.3.2
Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.
Step 11.3.3
Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.
Step 11.3.4
Reorder factors in .
Step 11.4
Rewrite the left side as a result of differentiating a product.
Step 11.5
Set up an integral on each side.
Step 11.6
Integrate the left side.
Step 11.7
Integrate the right side.
Step 11.7.1
Since is constant with respect to , move out of the integral.
Step 11.7.2
Integrate by parts using the formula , where and .
Step 11.7.3
Simplify.
Step 11.7.3.1
Combine and .
Step 11.7.3.2
Combine and .
Step 11.7.3.3
Combine and .
Step 11.7.4
Since is constant with respect to , move out of the integral.
Step 11.7.5
Let . Then , so . Rewrite using and .
Step 11.7.5.1
Let . Find .
Step 11.7.5.1.1
Differentiate .
Step 11.7.5.1.2
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 11.7.5.1.3
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 11.7.5.1.4
Multiply by .
Step 11.7.5.2
Rewrite the problem using and .
Step 11.7.6
Combine and .
Step 11.7.7
Since is constant with respect to , move out of the integral.
Step 11.7.8
Simplify.
Step 11.7.8.1
Multiply by .
Step 11.7.8.2
Multiply by .
Step 11.7.9
The integral of with respect to is .
Step 11.7.10
Rewrite as .
Step 11.7.11
Replace all occurrences of with .
Step 11.8
Solve for .
Step 11.8.1
Simplify.
Step 11.8.1.1
Combine and .
Step 11.8.1.2
Remove parentheses.
Step 11.8.2
Divide each term in by and simplify.
Step 11.8.2.1
Divide each term in by .
Step 11.8.2.2
Simplify the left side.
Step 11.8.2.2.1
Cancel the common factor of .
Step 11.8.2.2.1.1
Cancel the common factor.
Step 11.8.2.2.1.2
Divide by .
Step 11.8.2.3
Simplify the right side.
Step 11.8.2.3.1
Simplify each term.
Step 11.8.2.3.1.1
Simplify the numerator.
Step 11.8.2.3.1.1.1
Factor out of .
Step 11.8.2.3.1.1.1.1
Factor out of .
Step 11.8.2.3.1.1.1.2
Factor out of .
Step 11.8.2.3.1.1.1.3
Factor out of .
Step 11.8.2.3.1.1.2
Combine and .
Step 11.8.2.3.1.1.3
To write as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by .
Step 11.8.2.3.1.1.4
Write each expression with a common denominator of , by multiplying each by an appropriate factor of .
Step 11.8.2.3.1.1.4.1
Multiply by .
Step 11.8.2.3.1.1.4.2
Multiply by .
Step 11.8.2.3.1.1.5
Combine the numerators over the common denominator.
Step 11.8.2.3.1.1.6
Move to the left of .
Step 11.8.2.3.1.1.7
Combine exponents.
Step 11.8.2.3.1.1.7.1
Combine and .
Step 11.8.2.3.1.1.7.2
Combine and .
Step 11.8.2.3.1.1.8
Move to the left of .
Step 11.8.2.3.1.2
Multiply the numerator by the reciprocal of the denominator.
Step 11.8.2.3.1.3
Combine.
Step 11.8.2.3.1.4
Cancel the common factor of .
Step 11.8.2.3.1.4.1
Cancel the common factor.
Step 11.8.2.3.1.4.2
Rewrite the expression.
Step 11.8.2.3.1.5
Multiply by .
Step 11.8.2.3.2
To write as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by .
Step 11.8.2.3.3
To write as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by .
Step 11.8.2.3.4
Write each expression with a common denominator of , by multiplying each by an appropriate factor of .
Step 11.8.2.3.4.1
Multiply by .
Step 11.8.2.3.4.2
Multiply by .
Step 11.8.2.3.4.3
Reorder the factors of .
Step 11.8.2.3.5
Combine the numerators over the common denominator.
Step 11.8.2.3.6
Simplify the numerator.
Step 11.8.2.3.6.1
Apply the distributive property.
Step 11.8.2.3.6.2
Multiply by .
Step 11.8.2.3.6.3
Multiply by .
Step 11.8.2.3.6.4
Apply the distributive property.
Step 11.8.2.3.6.5
Move to the left of .
Step 12
Substitute for .
Step 13
Replace all occurrences of with .
Step 14
Step 14.1
Take the natural logarithm of both sides of the equation to remove the variable from the exponent.
Step 14.2
Expand the left side.
Step 14.2.1
Expand by moving outside the logarithm.
Step 14.2.2
Expand by moving outside the logarithm.
Step 14.2.3
The natural logarithm of is .
Step 14.2.4
Multiply by .
Step 14.3
Expand the right side.
Step 14.3.1
Rewrite as .
Step 14.3.2
Rewrite as .
Step 14.3.3
Expand by moving outside the logarithm.
Step 14.3.4
The natural logarithm of is .
Step 14.3.5
Multiply by .
Step 14.4
Simplify the left side.
Step 14.4.1
Simplify .
Step 14.4.1.1
Apply the distributive property.
Step 14.4.1.2
Multiply.
Step 14.4.1.2.1
Multiply by .
Step 14.4.1.2.2
Multiply by .
Step 14.5
Simplify the right side.
Step 14.5.1
Simplify .
Step 14.5.1.1
Simplify each term.
Step 14.5.1.1.1
Apply the distributive property.
Step 14.5.1.1.2
Multiply by .
Step 14.5.1.2
Use the quotient property of logarithms, .
Step 14.5.1.3
Simplify each term.
Step 14.5.1.3.1
Split the fraction into two fractions.
Step 14.5.1.3.2
Simplify each term.
Step 14.5.1.3.2.1
Factor out of .
Step 14.5.1.3.2.1.1
Factor out of .
Step 14.5.1.3.2.1.2
Factor out of .
Step 14.5.1.3.2.1.3
Factor out of .
Step 14.5.1.3.2.2
Cancel the common factor of .
Step 14.5.1.3.2.2.1
Cancel the common factor.
Step 14.5.1.3.2.2.2
Divide by .
Step 14.6
Move all terms not containing to the right side of the equation.
Step 14.6.1
Add to both sides of the equation.
Step 14.6.2
Combine the opposite terms in .
Step 14.6.2.1
Add and .
Step 14.6.2.2
Add and .
Step 14.7
Divide each term in by and simplify.
Step 14.7.1
Divide each term in by .
Step 14.7.2
Simplify the left side.
Step 14.7.2.1
Cancel the common factor of .
Step 14.7.2.1.1
Cancel the common factor.
Step 14.7.2.1.2
Divide by .