Calculus Examples

$\frac{d^{2} y}{d x^{2}} = 2 x - 5$

Step 1

Integrate both sides with respect to $x$ .

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Step 1.1

The first derivative is equal to the integral of the second derivative with respect to $x$ .

$\frac{d y}{d x} = \int 2 x - 5 d x$

Step 1.2

Split the single integral into multiple integrals.

$\frac{d y}{d x} = \int 2 x d x + \int - 5 d x$

Step 1.3

Since $2$ is constant with respect to $x$ , move $2$ out of the integral.

$\frac{d y}{d x} = 2 \int x d x + \int - 5 d x$

Step 1.4

By the Power Rule, the integral of $x$ with respect to $x$ is $\frac{1}{2} x^{2}$ .

$\frac{d y}{d x} = 2 (\frac{1}{2} x^{2} + C_{1}) + \int - 5 d x$

Step 1.5

Apply the constant rule.

$\frac{d y}{d x} = 2 (\frac{1}{2} x^{2} + C_{1}) - 5 x + C_{2}$

Step 1.6

Simplify.

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Step 1.6.1

Combine $\frac{1}{2}$ and $x^{2}$ .

$\frac{d y}{d x} = 2 (\frac{x^{2}}{2} + C_{1}) - 5 x + C_{2}$

Step 1.6.2

Simplify.

$\frac{d y}{d x} = x^{2} - 5 x + C_{3}$

Step 2

Rewrite the equation.

$d y = (x^{2} - 5 x + C_{3}) d x$

Step 3

Integrate both sides.

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Step 3.1

Set up an integral on each side.

$\int d y = \int x^{2} - 5 x + C_{3} d x$

Step 3.2

Apply the constant rule.

$y + C_{4} = \int x^{2} - 5 x + C_{3} d x$

Step 3.3

Integrate the right side.

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Step 3.3.1

Split the single integral into multiple integrals.

$y + C_{4} = \int x^{2} d x + \int - 5 x d x + \int C_{3} d x$

Step 3.3.2

By the Power Rule, the integral of $x^{2}$ with respect to $x$ is $\frac{1}{3} x^{3}$ .

$y + C_{4} = \frac{1}{3} x^{3} + C_{5} + \int - 5 x d x + \int C_{3} d x$

Step 3.3.3

Since $- 5$ is constant with respect to $x$ , move $- 5$ out of the integral.

$y + C_{4} = \frac{1}{3} x^{3} + C_{5} - 5 \int x d x + \int C_{3} d x$

Step 3.3.4

By the Power Rule, the integral of $x$ with respect to $x$ is $\frac{1}{2} x^{2}$ .

$y + C_{4} = \frac{1}{3} x^{3} + C_{5} - 5 (\frac{1}{2} x^{2} + C_{6}) + \int C_{3} d x$

Step 3.3.5

Apply the constant rule.

$y + C_{4} = \frac{1}{3} x^{3} + C_{5} - 5 (\frac{1}{2} x^{2} + C_{6}) + C_{3} x + C_{7}$

Step 3.3.6

Simplify.

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Step 3.3.6.1

Combine $\frac{1}{2}$ and $x^{2}$ .

$y + C_{4} = \frac{1}{3} x^{3} + C_{5} - 5 (\frac{x^{2}}{2} + C_{6}) + C_{3} x + C_{7}$

Step 3.3.6.2

Simplify.

$y + C_{4} = \frac{x^{3}}{3} - \frac{5 x^{2}}{2} + C_{3} x + C_{8}$

Step 3.3.7

Reorder terms.

$y + C_{4} = \frac{1}{3} x^{3} - \frac{5}{2} x^{2} + C_{3} x + C_{8}$

Step 3.4

Group the constant of integration on the right side as $D$ .

$y = \frac{1}{3} x^{3} - \frac{5}{2} x^{2} + C x + D$