Examples

$4 x^{2} + 9 y^{2} + 8 x + 54 y + 52 = 3$

Step 1

Move all terms not containing a variable to the right side of the equation.

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Step 1.1

Subtract

$52$ from both sides of the equation.

$4 x^{2} + 9 y^{2} + 8 x + 54 y = 3 - 52$

Step 1.2

Subtract

$52$ from

$3$ .

$4 x^{2} + 9 y^{2} + 8 x + 54 y = - 49$

Step 2

Complete the square for

$4 x^{2} + 8 x$ .

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Step 2.1

Use the form

$a x^{2} + b x + c$ , to find the values of

$a$ ,

$b$ , and

$c$ .

$a = 4$

$b = 8$

$c = 0$

Step 2.2

Consider the vertex form of a parabola.

$a {(x + d)}^{2} + e$

Step 2.3

Find the value of

$d$ using the formula

$d = \frac{b}{2 a}$ .

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Step 2.3.1

Substitute the values of

$a$ and

$b$ into the formula

$d = \frac{b}{2 a}$ .

$d = \frac{8}{2 \cdot 4}$

Step 2.3.2

Simplify the right side.

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Step 2.3.2.1

Cancel the common factor of

$8$ and

$2$ .

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Step 2.3.2.1.1

Factor

$2$ out of

$8$ .

$d = \frac{2 \cdot 4}{2 \cdot 4}$

Step 2.3.2.1.2

Cancel the common factors.

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Step 2.3.2.1.2.1

Factor

$2$ out of

$2 \cdot 4$ .

$d = \frac{2 \cdot 4}{2 (4)}$

Step 2.3.2.1.2.2

Cancel the common factor.

$d = \frac{2 \cdot 4}{2 \cdot 4}$

Step 2.3.2.1.2.3

Rewrite the expression.

$d = \frac{4}{4}$

Step 2.3.2.2

Cancel the common factor of

$4$ .

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Step 2.3.2.2.1

Cancel the common factor.

$d = \frac{4}{4}$

Step 2.3.2.2.2

Rewrite the expression.

$d = 1$

Step 2.4

Find the value of

$e$ using the formula

$e = c - \frac{b^{2}}{4 a}$ .

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Step 2.4.1

Substitute the values of

$c$ ,

$b$ and

$a$ into the formula

$e = c - \frac{b^{2}}{4 a}$ .

$e = 0 - \frac{8^{2}}{4 \cdot 4}$

Step 2.4.2

Simplify the right side.

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Step 2.4.2.1

Simplify each term.

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Step 2.4.2.1.1

Raise

$8$ to the power of

$2$ .

$e = 0 - \frac{64}{4 \cdot 4}$

Step 2.4.2.1.2

Multiply

$4$ by

$4$ .

$e = 0 - \frac{64}{16}$

Step 2.4.2.1.3

Divide

$64$ by

$16$ .

$e = 0 - 1 \cdot 4$

Step 2.4.2.1.4

Multiply

$- 1$ by

$4$ .

$e = 0 - 4$

Step 2.4.2.2

Subtract

$4$ from

$0$ .

$e = - 4$

Step 2.5

Substitute the values of

$a$ ,

$d$ , and

$e$ into the vertex form

$4 {(x + 1)}^{2} - 4$ .

$4 {(x + 1)}^{2} - 4$

Step 3

Substitute

$4 {(x + 1)}^{2} - 4$ for

$4 x^{2} + 8 x$ in the equation

$4 x^{2} + 9 y^{2} + 8 x + 54 y = - 49$ .

$4 {(x + 1)}^{2} - 4 + 9 y^{2} + 54 y = - 49$

Step 4

Move

$- 4$ to the right side of the equation by adding

$4$ to both sides.

$4 {(x + 1)}^{2} + 9 y^{2} + 54 y = - 49 + 4$

Step 5

Complete the square for

$9 y^{2} + 54 y$ .

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Step 5.1

Use the form

$a x^{2} + b x + c$ , to find the values of

$a$ ,

$b$ , and

$c$ .

$a = 9$

$b = 54$

$c = 0$

Step 5.2

Consider the vertex form of a parabola.

$a {(x + d)}^{2} + e$

Step 5.3

Find the value of

$d$ using the formula

$d = \frac{b}{2 a}$ .

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Step 5.3.1

Substitute the values of

$a$ and

$b$ into the formula

$d = \frac{b}{2 a}$ .

$d = \frac{54}{2 \cdot 9}$

Step 5.3.2

Simplify the right side.

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Step 5.3.2.1

Cancel the common factor of

$54$ and

$2$ .

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Step 5.3.2.1.1

Factor

$2$ out of

$54$ .

$d = \frac{2 \cdot 27}{2 \cdot 9}$

Step 5.3.2.1.2

Cancel the common factors.

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Step 5.3.2.1.2.1

Factor

$2$ out of

$2 \cdot 9$ .

$d = \frac{2 \cdot 27}{2 (9)}$

Step 5.3.2.1.2.2

Cancel the common factor.

$d = \frac{2 \cdot 27}{2 \cdot 9}$

Step 5.3.2.1.2.3

Rewrite the expression.

$d = \frac{27}{9}$

Step 5.3.2.2

Cancel the common factor of

$27$ and

$9$ .

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Step 5.3.2.2.1

Factor

$9$ out of

$27$ .

$d = \frac{9 \cdot 3}{9}$

Step 5.3.2.2.2

Cancel the common factors.

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Step 5.3.2.2.2.1

Factor

$9$ out of

$9$ .

$d = \frac{9 \cdot 3}{9 (1)}$

Step 5.3.2.2.2.2

Cancel the common factor.

$d = \frac{9 \cdot 3}{9 \cdot 1}$

Step 5.3.2.2.2.3

Rewrite the expression.

$d = \frac{3}{1}$

Step 5.3.2.2.2.4

Divide

$3$ by

$1$ .

$d = 3$

Step 5.4

Find the value of

$e$ using the formula

$e = c - \frac{b^{2}}{4 a}$ .

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Step 5.4.1

Substitute the values of

$c$ ,

$b$ and

$a$ into the formula

$e = c - \frac{b^{2}}{4 a}$ .

$e = 0 - \frac{54^{2}}{4 \cdot 9}$

Step 5.4.2

Simplify the right side.

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Step 5.4.2.1

Simplify each term.

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Step 5.4.2.1.1

Raise

$54$ to the power of

$2$ .

$e = 0 - \frac{2916}{4 \cdot 9}$

Step 5.4.2.1.2

Multiply

$4$ by

$9$ .

$e = 0 - \frac{2916}{36}$

Step 5.4.2.1.3

Divide

$2916$ by

$36$ .

$e = 0 - 1 \cdot 81$

Step 5.4.2.1.4

Multiply

$- 1$ by

$81$ .

$e = 0 - 81$

Step 5.4.2.2

Subtract

$81$ from

$0$ .

$e = - 81$

Step 5.5

Substitute the values of

$a$ ,

$d$ , and

$e$ into the vertex form

$9 {(y + 3)}^{2} - 81$ .

$9 {(y + 3)}^{2} - 81$

Step 6

Substitute

$9 {(y + 3)}^{2} - 81$ for

$9 y^{2} + 54 y$ in the equation

$4 x^{2} + 9 y^{2} + 8 x + 54 y = - 49$ .

$4 {(x + 1)}^{2} + 9 {(y + 3)}^{2} - 81 = - 49 + 4$

Step 7

Move

$- 81$ to the right side of the equation by adding

$81$ to both sides.

$4 {(x + 1)}^{2} + 9 {(y + 3)}^{2} = - 49 + 4 + 81$

Step 8

Simplify

$- 49 + 4 + 81$ .

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Step 8.1

Add

$- 49$ and

$4$ .

$4 {(x + 1)}^{2} + 9 {(y + 3)}^{2} = - 45 + 81$

Step 8.2

Add

$- 45$ and

$81$ .

$4 {(x + 1)}^{2} + 9 {(y + 3)}^{2} = 36$

Step 9

Divide each term by

$36$ to make the right side equal to one.

$\frac{4 {(x + 1)}^{2}}{36} + \frac{9 {(y + 3)}^{2}}{36} = \frac{36}{36}$

Step 10

Simplify each term in the equation in order to set the right side equal to

$1$ . The standard form of an ellipse or hyperbola requires the right side of the equation be

$1$ .

$\frac{{(x + 1)}^{2}}{9} + \frac{{(y + 3)}^{2}}{4} = 1$

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