Trigonometría Ejemplos

${(\csc (x) - \cot (x))}^{2} = \frac{1 - \cos (x)}{1 + \cos (x)}$

Step 1

Comienza por el lado izquierdo.

${(\csc (x) - \cot (x))}^{2}$

Step 2

Convierte a senos y cosenos.

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Aplica la identidad recíproca a $\csc (x)$ .

${(\frac{1}{\sin (x)} - \cot (x))}^{2}$

Escribe $\cot (x)$ en senos y cosenos mediante la identidad del cociente.

${(\frac{1}{\sin (x)} - \frac{\cos (x)}{\sin (x)})}^{2}$

Simplifica.

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Reescribe ${(\frac{1}{\sin (x)} - \frac{\cos (x)}{\sin (x)})}^{2}$ como $(\frac{1}{\sin (x)} - \frac{\cos (x)}{\sin (x)}) (\frac{1}{\sin (x)} - \frac{\cos (x)}{\sin (x)})$ .

$(\frac{1}{\sin (x)} - \frac{\cos (x)}{\sin (x)}) (\frac{1}{\sin (x)} - \frac{\cos (x)}{\sin (x)})$

Expande $(\frac{1}{\sin (x)} - \frac{\cos (x)}{\sin (x)}) (\frac{1}{\sin (x)} - \frac{\cos (x)}{\sin (x)})$ con el método PEIU (primero, exterior, interior, ultimo).

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Aplica la propiedad distributiva.

$\frac{1}{\sin (x)} (\frac{1}{\sin (x)} - \frac{\cos (x)}{\sin (x)}) - \frac{\cos (x)}{\sin (x)} (\frac{1}{\sin (x)} - \frac{\cos (x)}{\sin (x)})$

Aplica la propiedad distributiva.

$\frac{1}{\sin (x)} \cdot \frac{1}{\sin (x)} + \frac{1}{\sin (x)} (- \frac{\cos (x)}{\sin (x)}) - \frac{\cos (x)}{\sin (x)} (\frac{1}{\sin (x)} - \frac{\cos (x)}{\sin (x)})$

Aplica la propiedad distributiva.

$\frac{1}{\sin (x)} \cdot \frac{1}{\sin (x)} + \frac{1}{\sin (x)} (- \frac{\cos (x)}{\sin (x)}) - \frac{\cos (x)}{\sin (x)} \cdot \frac{1}{\sin (x)} - \frac{\cos (x)}{\sin (x)} (- \frac{\cos (x)}{\sin (x)})$

Simplifica y combina los términos similares.

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Simplifica cada término.

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Multiplica $\frac{1}{\sin (x)} \cdot \frac{1}{\sin (x)}$ .

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Multiplica $\frac{1}{\sin (x)}$ por $\frac{1}{\sin (x)}$ .

$\frac{1}{\sin (x) \sin (x)} + \frac{1}{\sin (x)} (- \frac{\cos (x)}{\sin (x)}) - \frac{\cos (x)}{\sin (x)} \cdot \frac{1}{\sin (x)} - \frac{\cos (x)}{\sin (x)} (- \frac{\cos (x)}{\sin (x)})$

Eleva $\sin (x)$ a la potencia de $1$ .

$\frac{1}{{\sin (x)}^{1} \sin (x)} + \frac{1}{\sin (x)} (- \frac{\cos (x)}{\sin (x)}) - \frac{\cos (x)}{\sin (x)} \cdot \frac{1}{\sin (x)} - \frac{\cos (x)}{\sin (x)} (- \frac{\cos (x)}{\sin (x)})$

Eleva $\sin (x)$ a la potencia de $1$ .

$\frac{1}{{\sin (x)}^{1} {\sin (x)}^{1}} + \frac{1}{\sin (x)} (- \frac{\cos (x)}{\sin (x)}) - \frac{\cos (x)}{\sin (x)} \cdot \frac{1}{\sin (x)} - \frac{\cos (x)}{\sin (x)} (- \frac{\cos (x)}{\sin (x)})$

Usa la regla de la potencia $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ para combinar exponentes.

$\frac{1}{{\sin (x)}^{1 + 1}} + \frac{1}{\sin (x)} (- \frac{\cos (x)}{\sin (x)}) - \frac{\cos (x)}{\sin (x)} \cdot \frac{1}{\sin (x)} - \frac{\cos (x)}{\sin (x)} (- \frac{\cos (x)}{\sin (x)})$

Suma $1$ y $1$ .

$\frac{1}{{\sin (x)}^{2}} + \frac{1}{\sin (x)} (- \frac{\cos (x)}{\sin (x)}) - \frac{\cos (x)}{\sin (x)} \cdot \frac{1}{\sin (x)} - \frac{\cos (x)}{\sin (x)} (- \frac{\cos (x)}{\sin (x)})$

Multiplica $\frac{1}{\sin (x)} (- \frac{\cos (x)}{\sin (x)})$ .

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Multiplica $\frac{1}{\sin (x)}$ por $\frac{\cos (x)}{\sin (x)}$ .

$\frac{1}{{\sin (x)}^{2}} - \frac{\cos (x)}{\sin (x) \sin (x)} - \frac{\cos (x)}{\sin (x)} \cdot \frac{1}{\sin (x)} - \frac{\cos (x)}{\sin (x)} (- \frac{\cos (x)}{\sin (x)})$

Eleva $\sin (x)$ a la potencia de $1$ .

$\frac{1}{{\sin (x)}^{2}} - \frac{\cos (x)}{{\sin (x)}^{1} \sin (x)} - \frac{\cos (x)}{\sin (x)} \cdot \frac{1}{\sin (x)} - \frac{\cos (x)}{\sin (x)} (- \frac{\cos (x)}{\sin (x)})$

Eleva $\sin (x)$ a la potencia de $1$ .

$\frac{1}{{\sin (x)}^{2}} - \frac{\cos (x)}{{\sin (x)}^{1} {\sin (x)}^{1}} - \frac{\cos (x)}{\sin (x)} \cdot \frac{1}{\sin (x)} - \frac{\cos (x)}{\sin (x)} (- \frac{\cos (x)}{\sin (x)})$

Usa la regla de la potencia $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ para combinar exponentes.

$\frac{1}{{\sin (x)}^{2}} - \frac{\cos (x)}{{\sin (x)}^{1 + 1}} - \frac{\cos (x)}{\sin (x)} \cdot \frac{1}{\sin (x)} - \frac{\cos (x)}{\sin (x)} (- \frac{\cos (x)}{\sin (x)})$

Suma $1$ y $1$ .

$\frac{1}{{\sin (x)}^{2}} - \frac{\cos (x)}{{\sin (x)}^{2}} - \frac{\cos (x)}{\sin (x)} \cdot \frac{1}{\sin (x)} - \frac{\cos (x)}{\sin (x)} (- \frac{\cos (x)}{\sin (x)})$

Multiplica $- \frac{\cos (x)}{\sin (x)} \cdot \frac{1}{\sin (x)}$ .

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Multiplica $\frac{1}{\sin (x)}$ por $\frac{\cos (x)}{\sin (x)}$ .

$\frac{1}{{\sin (x)}^{2}} - \frac{\cos (x)}{{\sin (x)}^{2}} - \frac{\cos (x)}{\sin (x) \sin (x)} - \frac{\cos (x)}{\sin (x)} (- \frac{\cos (x)}{\sin (x)})$

Eleva $\sin (x)$ a la potencia de $1$ .

$\frac{1}{{\sin (x)}^{2}} - \frac{\cos (x)}{{\sin (x)}^{2}} - \frac{\cos (x)}{{\sin (x)}^{1} \sin (x)} - \frac{\cos (x)}{\sin (x)} (- \frac{\cos (x)}{\sin (x)})$

Eleva $\sin (x)$ a la potencia de $1$ .

$\frac{1}{{\sin (x)}^{2}} - \frac{\cos (x)}{{\sin (x)}^{2}} - \frac{\cos (x)}{{\sin (x)}^{1} {\sin (x)}^{1}} - \frac{\cos (x)}{\sin (x)} (- \frac{\cos (x)}{\sin (x)})$

Usa la regla de la potencia $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ para combinar exponentes.

$\frac{1}{{\sin (x)}^{2}} - \frac{\cos (x)}{{\sin (x)}^{2}} - \frac{\cos (x)}{{\sin (x)}^{1 + 1}} - \frac{\cos (x)}{\sin (x)} (- \frac{\cos (x)}{\sin (x)})$

Suma $1$ y $1$ .

$\frac{1}{{\sin (x)}^{2}} - \frac{\cos (x)}{{\sin (x)}^{2}} - \frac{\cos (x)}{{\sin (x)}^{2}} - \frac{\cos (x)}{\sin (x)} (- \frac{\cos (x)}{\sin (x)})$

Multiplica $- \frac{\cos (x)}{\sin (x)} (- \frac{\cos (x)}{\sin (x)})$ .

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Multiplica $- 1$ por $- 1$ .

$\frac{1}{{\sin (x)}^{2}} - \frac{\cos (x)}{{\sin (x)}^{2}} - \frac{\cos (x)}{{\sin (x)}^{2}} + 1 \frac{\cos (x)}{\sin (x)} \frac{\cos (x)}{\sin (x)}$

Multiplica $\frac{\cos (x)}{\sin (x)}$ por $1$ .

$\frac{1}{{\sin (x)}^{2}} - \frac{\cos (x)}{{\sin (x)}^{2}} - \frac{\cos (x)}{{\sin (x)}^{2}} + \frac{\cos (x)}{\sin (x)} \cdot \frac{\cos (x)}{\sin (x)}$

Multiplica $\frac{\cos (x)}{\sin (x)}$ por $\frac{\cos (x)}{\sin (x)}$ .

$\frac{1}{{\sin (x)}^{2}} - \frac{\cos (x)}{{\sin (x)}^{2}} - \frac{\cos (x)}{{\sin (x)}^{2}} + \frac{\cos (x) \cos (x)}{\sin (x) \sin (x)}$

Eleva $\cos (x)$ a la potencia de $1$ .

$\frac{1}{{\sin (x)}^{2}} - \frac{\cos (x)}{{\sin (x)}^{2}} - \frac{\cos (x)}{{\sin (x)}^{2}} + \frac{{\cos (x)}^{1} \cos (x)}{\sin (x) \sin (x)}$

Eleva $\cos (x)$ a la potencia de $1$ .

$\frac{1}{{\sin (x)}^{2}} - \frac{\cos (x)}{{\sin (x)}^{2}} - \frac{\cos (x)}{{\sin (x)}^{2}} + \frac{{\cos (x)}^{1} {\cos (x)}^{1}}{\sin (x) \sin (x)}$

Usa la regla de la potencia $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ para combinar exponentes.

$\frac{1}{{\sin (x)}^{2}} - \frac{\cos (x)}{{\sin (x)}^{2}} - \frac{\cos (x)}{{\sin (x)}^{2}} + \frac{{\cos (x)}^{1 + 1}}{\sin (x) \sin (x)}$

Suma $1$ y $1$ .

$\frac{1}{{\sin (x)}^{2}} - \frac{\cos (x)}{{\sin (x)}^{2}} - \frac{\cos (x)}{{\sin (x)}^{2}} + \frac{{\cos (x)}^{2}}{\sin (x) \sin (x)}$

Eleva $\sin (x)$ a la potencia de $1$ .

$\frac{1}{{\sin (x)}^{2}} - \frac{\cos (x)}{{\sin (x)}^{2}} - \frac{\cos (x)}{{\sin (x)}^{2}} + \frac{{\cos (x)}^{2}}{{\sin (x)}^{1} \sin (x)}$

Eleva $\sin (x)$ a la potencia de $1$ .

$\frac{1}{{\sin (x)}^{2}} - \frac{\cos (x)}{{\sin (x)}^{2}} - \frac{\cos (x)}{{\sin (x)}^{2}} + \frac{{\cos (x)}^{2}}{{\sin (x)}^{1} {\sin (x)}^{1}}$

Usa la regla de la potencia $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ para combinar exponentes.

$\frac{1}{{\sin (x)}^{2}} - \frac{\cos (x)}{{\sin (x)}^{2}} - \frac{\cos (x)}{{\sin (x)}^{2}} + \frac{{\cos (x)}^{2}}{{\sin (x)}^{1 + 1}}$

Suma $1$ y $1$ .

$\frac{1}{{\sin (x)}^{2}} - \frac{\cos (x)}{{\sin (x)}^{2}} - \frac{\cos (x)}{{\sin (x)}^{2}} + \frac{{\cos (x)}^{2}}{{\sin (x)}^{2}}$

Resta $\frac{\cos (x)}{{\sin (x)}^{2}}$ de $- \frac{\cos (x)}{{\sin (x)}^{2}}$ .

$\frac{1}{{\sin (x)}^{2}} - 2 \frac{\cos (x)}{{\sin (x)}^{2}} + \frac{{\cos (x)}^{2}}{{\sin (x)}^{2}}$

Simplifica cada término.

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Combina $- 2$ y $\frac{\cos (x)}{{\sin (x)}^{2}}$ .

$\frac{1}{{\sin (x)}^{2}} + \frac{- 2 \cos (x)}{{\sin (x)}^{2}} + \frac{{\cos (x)}^{2}}{{\sin (x)}^{2}}$

Mueve el negativo al frente de la fracción.

$\frac{1}{{\sin (x)}^{2}} - \frac{2 \cos (x)}{{\sin (x)}^{2}} + \frac{{\cos (x)}^{2}}{{\sin (x)}^{2}}$

Combina los numeradores sobre el denominador común.

$\frac{1}{\sin^{2} (x)} + \frac{- 2 \cos (x) + \cos^{2} (x)}{\sin^{2} (x)}$

Step 3

Simplifica la expresión.

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Factoriza $\cos (x)$ de $- 2 \cos (x) + \cos^{2} (x)$ .

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Factoriza $\cos (x)$ de $- 2 \cos (x)$ .

$\frac{1}{\sin^{2} (x)} + \frac{\cos (x) \cdot - 2 + \cos^{2} (x)}{\sin^{2} (x)}$

Factoriza $\cos (x)$ de $\cos^{2} (x)$ .

$\frac{1}{\sin^{2} (x)} + \frac{\cos (x) \cdot - 2 + \cos (x) \cos (x)}{\sin^{2} (x)}$

Factoriza $\cos (x)$ de $\cos (x) \cdot - 2 + \cos (x) \cos (x)$ .

$\frac{1}{\sin^{2} (x)} + \frac{\cos (x) (- 2 + \cos (x))}{\sin^{2} (x)}$

Combina los numeradores sobre el denominador común.

$\frac{1 + \cos (x) (- 2 + \cos (x))}{\sin^{2} (x)}$

Simplifica el numerador.

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Aplica la propiedad distributiva.

$\frac{1 + \cos (x) \cdot - 2 + \cos (x) \cos (x)}{\sin^{2} (x)}$

Mueve $- 2$ a la izquierda de $\cos (x)$ .

$\frac{1 - 2 \cdot \cos (x) + \cos (x) \cos (x)}{\sin^{2} (x)}$

Multiplica $\cos (x) \cos (x)$ .

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Eleva $\cos (x)$ a la potencia de $1$ .

$\frac{1 - 2 \cdot \cos (x) + \cos^{1} (x) \cos (x)}{\sin^{2} (x)}$

Eleva $\cos (x)$ a la potencia de $1$ .

$\frac{1 - 2 \cdot \cos (x) + \cos^{1} (x) \cos^{1} (x)}{\sin^{2} (x)}$

Usa la regla de la potencia $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ para combinar exponentes.

$\frac{1 - 2 \cdot \cos (x) + {\cos (x)}^{1 + 1}}{\sin^{2} (x)}$

Suma $1$ y $1$ .

$\frac{1 - 2 \cdot \cos (x) + \cos^{2} (x)}{\sin^{2} (x)}$

Factoriza con la regla del cuadrado perfecto.

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Reescribe $1$ como $1^{2}$ .

$\frac{1^{2} - 2 \cos (x) + \cos^{2} (x)}{\sin^{2} (x)}$

Comprueba que el término medio sea dos veces el producto de los números que se elevan al cuadrado en el primer término y el tercer término.

$2 \cos (x) = 2 \cdot 1 \cdot \cos (x)$

Reescribe el polinomio.

$\frac{1^{2} - 2 \cdot 1 \cdot \cos (x) + \cos^{2} (x)}{\sin^{2} (x)}$

Factoriza con la regla del trinomio cuadrado perfecto $a^{2} - 2 a b + b^{2} = {(a - b)}^{2}$ , donde $a = 1$ y $b = \cos (x)$ .

$\frac{{(1 - \cos (x))}^{2}}{\sin^{2} (x)}$

Step 4

Aplica la identidad pitagórica al revés.

$\frac{{(1 - \cos (x))}^{2}}{1 - \cos^{2} (x)}$

Step 5

Simplifica.

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Simplifica el denominador.

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Reescribe $1$ como $1^{2}$ .

$\frac{{(1 - \cos (x))}^{2}}{1^{2} - {\cos (x)}^{2}}$

Dado que ambos términos son cuadrados perfectos, factoriza con la fórmula de la diferencia de cuadrados, $a^{2} - b^{2} = (a + b) (a - b)$ , donde $a = 1$ y $b = \cos (x)$ .

$\frac{{(1 - \cos (x))}^{2}}{(1 + \cos (x)) (1 - \cos (x))}$

Cancela el factor común de ${(1 - \cos (x))}^{2}$ y $1 - \cos (x)$ .

$\frac{1 - \cos (x)}{1 + \cos (x)}$

Step 6

Debido a que se ha demostrado que los dos lados son equivalentes, la ecuación es una identidad.

${(\csc (x) - \cot (x))}^{2} = \frac{1 - \cos (x)}{1 + \cos (x)}$ es una identidad