major arc: The larger of two arcs created when a circle is intersected at two points.
mantissa: Nonintegral, decimal part of a logarithm.
mass: The amount of matter in a particle or object.
matrix: A rectangular array of numbers, algebraic symbols, or mathematical functions.
matter: Traditionally refers to the substance that objects are made of.
maximum (max): Largest.
mean: In a data set, the sum of all the data points, divided by the number of data points; average.
measure: Dimension, capacity.
median: The middle number in a data set when the data are put in order.
midpoint: A point on a line segment that divides the segment into two congruent segments.
minimum (min): Smallest.
minor arc: The smaller of two arcs made by the two point intersection of a circle.
minuend: In subtraction, the number which is decreased.
minus: Subtract; decrease by; lessen by.
minute: A unit of measure for angles equal to 1/60 of a degree.
mixed number: A number written as a whole number and a fraction.
mixture: When two or more different substances are mixed together but not combined chemically.
mode: The number (or numbers) that occurs most frequently in a set of data.
molar mass: The mass of one mole of a substance (chemical element or chemical compound).
mole: The amount of substance of a system that contains as many "elemental entities" (e.g. atoms, molecules, ions, electrons) as there are atoms in 12g of carbon-12. A mole has  atoms or molecules of the pure substance being measured.
molecule: A sufficiently stable, electrically neutral group of at least two atoms in a definite arrangement held together by very strong (covalent) chemical bonds.
monatomic ion: An ion consisting of one or more atoms of a single element.
monomial: A number, a variable or a product of numbers and variables.
multiple: A multiple of a number is the product of that number and any other whole number. Zero is a multiple of every number.
multiplication: The process of repeating additions of the same number.
multiplicative inverse: The reciprocal of a number.
multiply: To compute a product; to perform a multiplication.
mutually exclusive events: Two or more events that cannot occur at the same time.
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